IS1245 RFLP analysis of strains of <i>Mycobacterium avium</i> subspecies <i>hominissuis</i> isolated from pigs with tuberculosis lymphadenitis in Portugal

Domingos, M.; Amado, A.; Botelho, Ana

doi:10.1136/vr.164.4.116

Cited by 31 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 19 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Lesions usually develop in the lymph nodes of the head and/ or the mesentery (Wilson 2005). The presence of these lesions and the isolation of the agent has been described by several authors (Cleveland-Nielsen et al 2002;Domingos et al 2009) The importance of granulomatous lymphadenitis control and its detection during meat inspection is a public health concern mainly for immunocompromised patients (Ristola et al 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Causes and factors related to pig carcass condemnation

García‐Díez¹,

Coelho²

2014

Vet. Med.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ante mortem and post mortem carcass condemnation records could be of use as a potential database for the study of swine diseases, epidemiology or animal welfare. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the causes of ante mortem rejections and post mortem carcass condemnation of pigs intended for human consumption during a 78-month period. The records considered for study were, date of slaughter, total pigs slaughtered and total number of ante mortem rejections (deaths during transportation and deaths in the pens) and post mortem carcass condemnations (osteomyelitis, caseous lymphadenitis, erysipelas, cachexia, pale, soft and exudative meat (PSE), bloody meat, muscular necrosis, purulent nephritis, purulent metritis, jaundice, meats from febrile pigs and peritonitis). The influence of several factors such as year, season, mandatory fulfilment of a food chain information form (FCIf ) and compulsory certification of swine drivers/transporters on ante mortem rejections and post mortem carcass condemnation was also studied. A total of 161 001 pigs slaughtered resulted in 238 (0.15%) ante mortem deaths, 160 763 pigs processed for meat consumption (99.7%) and 392 (0.24%) carcass condemnations. The ante mortem rejections revealed that 146 pigs (61.3%) died during transportation whereas 92 (38.7%) were rejected due to death in pens. The main causes of carcass condemnations were osteomyelitis (38.5%), granulomatous lymphadenitis (22.7%) and pleurisy/pneumonia (21.2%). A relationship was found between the month and ante mortem condemnations (P < 0.01), death losses during transport (P < 0.01) and between compulsory certification of animal transporters and deaths by transportation (P < 0.05). During the cold season, the probability of ante mortem rejections (OR = 1.84; CI 95%: 1.32-2.59) and death in pens (OR = 1.62; CI 95%: 1.02-2.57) was higher. The compulsory fulfilment of a food chain information form was not revealed to be significantly linked with the total number of carcass condemnations although the odds of ante mortem rejections were higher (OR = 2.10; CI 95%: 1.44-3.08) when it was not mandatory. Higher post mortem condemnations compared to ante mortem condemnations can be explained by the fact that several post mortem findings are asymptomatic in live animals. A progressive decrease in losses during transport was associated with on-farm improvements in animal welfare measures in addition with compulsory training of animal transporters. However, the consistent values of deaths in pens throughout the study period, with an increase during the winter, indicate a need for an improvement in the thermal conditions of the holding area in slaughterhouse. Regarding the post mortem condemnations, the improvement in animal welfare conditions may explain the decrease in osteomyelitis condemnations while the environmental origin of granulomatous lymphadenitis may be associated with region, climate or with the presence of hosts that may explain the influence of the time of year on its variations. The FCIf was i...

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) is considered to be the main cause of granulomatous lymphadenitis observed in slaughtered pigs during post mortem examination (Pavlik et al 2003;Domingos et al 2009;Miranda et al 2011). Swine infections caused by MAC result in severe economic losses for producers and the agro-industry.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Causes and factors related to pig carcass condemnation

García‐Díez¹,

Coelho²

2014

Vet. Med.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…ileocolici, i Lnn. colici) on post-mortem examination [8,22,54,[59][60][61][62]. Similar lesions can be caused by other nonmycobacterial agents, such as Rhodococcus equi, Streptococcus spp., Corynebacterium spp., or various enterobacteria [42,63].…”

Section: Mac Diagnostics -Main Pointsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…avium silvaticum was detected in 16 samples (39%) and MAC was found in 24 out of 41 samples (58%). M. intracellulare and MAH were not detected [60]. Kralik et al studied the survival of MAH in homemade smoked pork sausages in response to cold (40 °C for 12 h) and hot smoking (70 °C for 6 h) and after freezing (−20 °C).…”

Section: Mac and Animal Products Used For Human Consumptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycobacteriosis in Pigs – An Underrated Threat

Polaček

Aleksić-Kovačević

2016

Acta Veterinaria

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Although Mycobacterium avium subspecies are generally not considered food pathogens, the infections caused by these particular nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) can represent a serious threat to immunocompromised population. Additionally, infections with a member of Mycobacterium Avium Compex (MAC) can affect the effi ciency of BCG vaccines used for the humans. In infected animals, M. avium may be present in different tissues without apparent clinical symptoms and macroscopic lesions. Veterinary meat inspection would then fail to recognize infected animals and such meat and meat products thereof could enter the human diet. The aim of this paper is also to analyze the current control policy in Europe according to infections of pigs with the members of MAC, and point out the risks for public health. By analyzing a large number of meat samples and other dietary nutrients, different groups of authors have provided evidence to support the hypothesis that M. avium is present in the everyday environment. Therefore, food as a source of infection with mycobacteria should not be ignored. The control of mycobacteria requires a better diagnostic approach, having in mind recent positive cases of M. avium subspecies hominissuis (MAH) in an increasing number of exported pigs from EU countries to Serbia. The introduction of reliable diagnostic methods for MAH could result in decreasing the occurrence of infection in pigs, as well as in humans, having in mind that WHO reported 10 million new cases of tuberculosis-mycobacteriosis in the human population in 2015 with 21% of these cases occurring in immunocompromised individuals and children.

show abstract

“…Several groups have expended the spectrum of mammals where M. avium subsp. hominissuis was associated with digestive tract pathology including mesenteric lymphadenitis; farm animals including pigs and cattle in Uganda, dogs in Germany with mesenteric lymphadenitis and in a pet parrot with gastrointestinal lesions [5][6][7][8][9][10]. These observations suggest an oral route of infection and the ingestion of contaminated water, food, or fomites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Diarrhea and Colonic Ulcers of Unusual Etiology

Keynan¹,

Cantor²,

Grynspan³

et al. 2013

Mycobact Diseases

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The present report describes a case of chronic diarrhea with several ulcers in the ascending colon in a 47-yearold woman who immigrated to Canada from the Phillipines. A biopsy from affected colon revealed caseating granulomas and culture grew mycobacterium avium subspecies. Polymerase chain reaction from the colonic biopsy specimen confirmed the presence of mycobacterium avium subspecies that was subsequently identified by hsp65 sequence to be mycobacterium avium hominissuis (MAH). Anti-mycobacterial therapy was started but discontinued by the patient. After 6 months a repeat colonoscopy was macroscopically normal and no granulomas could be seen on biopsies taken from normal appearing colonic tissue. The epidemiological features, host-range and laboratory identification of this unusual organism are discussed.

show abstract

IS1245 RFLP analysis of strains of Mycobacterium avium subspecies hominissuis isolated from pigs with tuberculosis lymphadenitis in Portugal

Cited by 31 publications

References 19 publications

Causes and factors related to pig carcass condemnation

Causes and factors related to pig carcass condemnation

Mycobacteriosis in Pigs – An Underrated Threat

Diarrhea and Colonic Ulcers of Unusual Etiology

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About