Ischemic Changes in the Brain Following Electroshock Theraphy

Larsen, E. F.; Vraa-Jensen, G

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1953.tb04675.x

Cited by 9 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 6 publications

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“…At autopsy fresh subarachnoid hemorrhage was found in the upper part of the left motor region..."at the site where an electrode had been applied." (18) In 1957 Impastato summarized 254 electroshock fatalities. Brain damage was the leading cause of death in persons under 40 years of age, and nearly one-fifth of all cerebral deaths were hemorrhagic (19).…”

Section: Human Brain Damagementioning

confidence: 99%

Shock treatment, brain damage, and memory loss: a neurological perspective

1977

AJP

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The author reviews reports of neuropathology resulting from electroconvulsive therapy in experimental animals and humans. Although findings of petechial hemorrhage, gliosis, and neuronal loss were well established in the decade following the introduction of ECT, they have been generally ignored since then. ECT produces characteristic EEG changes and severe retrograde amnesia, as well as other more subtle effects on memory and learning. The author concludes that ECT results in brain disease and questions whether doctors should offer brain damage to their patients.

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Section: Human Brain Damagementioning

confidence: 99%

Shock treatment, brain damage, and memory loss: a neurological perspective

1977

AJP

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Inner ear damage following electric current and lightning injury: a literature review

Modayil

Lloyd

Mallik

et al. 2013

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol

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Audiovestibular sequelae of electrical injury, due to lightning or electric current, are probably much more common than indicated in literature. The aim of the study was to review the impact of electrical injury on the cochleovestibular system. Studies were identified through Medline, Embase, CINAHL and eMedicine databases. Medical Subject Headings used were 'electrical injury', 'lightning', 'deafness' and 'vertigo'. All prospective and retrospective studies, case series and case reports of patients with cochlear or vestibular damage due to lightning or electrical current injury were included. Studies limited to external and middle ear injuries were excluded. Thirty-five articles met the inclusion criteria. Fifteen reported audiovestibular damage following electric current injury (domestic or industrial); a further 15 reported lightning injuries and five concerned pathophysiology and management. There were no histological studies of electrical current injury to the human audiovestibular system. The commonest acoustic insult after lightning injury is conductive hearing loss secondary to tympanic membrane rupture and the most frequent vestibular symptom is transient vertigo. Electrical current injuries predominantly cause pure sensorineural hearing loss and may significantly increase a patient's lifetime risk of vertigo. Theories for cochleovestibular damage in electrical injury include disruption of inner ear anatomy, electrical conductance, hypoxia, vascular effects and stress response hypothesis. The pathophysiology of cochleovestibular damage following electrical injury is unresolved. The mechanism of injury following lightning strike is likely to be quite different from that following domestic or industrial electrical injury. The formulation of an audiovestibular management protocol for patients who have suffered electrical injuries and systematic reporting of all such events is recommended.

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Efficacy and safety of induced seizures (EST) in man

Fink

1978

Comprehensive Psychiatry

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Ischemic Changes in the Brain Following Electroshock Theraphy

Cited by 9 publications

References 6 publications

Shock treatment, brain damage, and memory loss: a neurological perspective

Shock treatment, brain damage, and memory loss: a neurological perspective

Inner ear damage following electric current and lightning injury: a literature review

Efficacy and safety of induced seizures (EST) in man

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