Ischemic Preconditioning Attenuates Rating of Perceived Exertion But Does Not Improve Maximal Oxygen Consumption or Maximal Power Output

Beek, Frank ter; Jokumsen, Peter Sørensen; Sloth, Birgitte; Stevenson, Andrew James Thomas; Larsen, Ryan Godsk

doi:10.1519/jsc.0000000000003625

Cited by 8 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…These findings indicated that IPC minimized the perceived exertion during isokinetic eccentric exercise, despite no influence on the attenuation of force impairment after exercise. In line with this finding, a recent study 40 verified that IPC attenuates perceived exertion but without improvements in performance. These results, together with the smaller muscle soreness observed in the present study, indicate that IPC may influence the perceptual responses to exercise.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Effects of Individualized Ischemic Preconditioning on Protection Against Eccentric Exercise–Induced Muscle Damage: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Cerqueira

Kovács

França

et al. 2021

Sports Health: A Multidisciplinary Approach

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Background: The effects of ischemic preconditioning (IPC) versus a deceptive sham protocol on indirect markers of exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) after the application of individualized occlusion pressure were examined. The goal of using a sham protocol is to control for the potential effect of placebo. Hypothesis: IPC would surpass the sham protocol in protecting against EIMD. Study Design: A randomized, double-blinded, clinical trial. Level of Evidence: Level 1. Methods: Thirty healthy young men were randomly assigned to an eccentric exercise for the knee extensor muscles preceded by IPC (4 × 5 minutes of individualized total occlusion pressure) or sham protocol (4 × 5 minutes using 20 mm Hg). Maximal voluntary isometric torque (MVIT), rate of torque development, muscle soreness, pressure pain threshold, knee range of motion, thigh girth, and creatine kinase (CK) activity were assessed before IPC or sham protocol and up to 72 hours after the eccentric EIMD. Affective valence and perceived exertion were also evaluated. Results: MVIT decreased 17.1% in the IPC and 18.1% in the sham groups, with no differences between groups. Differences from baseline were observed in the sham group for muscle soreness at 48 hours ( P < 0.001) and 72 hours ( P = 0.02), and for CK activity at 72 hours ( P = 0.04). Muscle soreness was reduced in the IPC group at 48 hours compared with the sham group (∆ = 15.8 mm; P = 0.008) but without achieving the minimal clinically important difference. IPC induced a smaller perceived exertion than the sham protocol (∆ = 1.1 a.u.; P = 0.02). The remaining outcomes were not statistically different in both groups. Conclusion: IPC does not surpass the sham protocol to protect against mild EIMD of the knee extensors muscles. Clinical Relevance: Although IPC is a noninvasive, low-cost, and easy-to-administer intervention, the IPC effects can, in part, be explained by the placebo effect. In addition, individualized IPC promotes attenuation in perceived exertion during eccentric exercise.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Effects of Individualized Ischemic Preconditioning on Protection Against Eccentric Exercise–Induced Muscle Damage: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Cerqueira

Kovács

França

et al. 2021

Sports Health: A Multidisciplinary Approach

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“…(5 min arterial occlusion, 5 min without arterial occlusion) (n = 13) [10,13,15,19,30,32,33,35,37,40,[42][43][44], eight cycles of ischemia-reperfusion (5 min arterial occlusion, 5 min without arterial occlusion) (n = 1) [44].…”

Section: Intervention Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, six studies conducted the running GXT [10,13,32,35,39,42], and seven studies conducted the cycling GXT [15,30,31,33,34,37,38].…”

Section: Exercise Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3) [35,39,45]. Thirteen studies investigated two outcome measures: TTP and BLA (n = 3) [20,36,43], TTE and VO 2 max (n = 2) [32,33], TTE and BLA (n = 3) [13,31,34], VO 2 max and BLA (n = 1) [38], VO 2 peak and BLA (n = 2) [30,44].…”

Section: Outcome Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One publication [44] showed that IPC could signi cantly improve BLA as compared to the control group; while fteen publications [10,13,20,31,[34][35][36][37][38][39][40][42][43][44][45] reported no such effect (Table 1). The results showed that IPC group was not signi cantly different as compared to control group [MD = 0.26, 95%CI (− 0.05, 0.57), P = 0.10, Fig.…”

Section: Effects Of Ipc On Blamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Ischemic Preconditioning on Aerobic Capacity in Healthy Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Zhou,

Gan,

Tan

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Background: Ischemic preconditioning (IPC) may be a promising strategy to improve aerobic capacity in healthy adults, while such effects have not been comprehensively characterized. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to examine the effects of IPC intervention on aerobic capacity in healthy adults. Methods: Studies with randomized controlled or crossover designs exploring the effects of IPC as compared to no intervention or placebo control on time trial performance (TTP), time to exhaustion (TTE), maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak), and blood lactate (BLA) in healthy adults were included. The data (M ± SD) were extracted from included studies and converted into mean difference (MD) by calculating fixed-effect meta-analysis. Subgroup analysis was used to examine the characteristics of IPC intervention, participants, and exercise tests. Results: Twenty publications consisting of 297 participants were included. The overall analysis showed that TTE significantly improved after IPC intervention compared with the control [MD = 31.78, 95%CI (17.67, 45.89), P < 0.01]. In subgroup analysis, TTE was significantly improved only in acute intervention conditions [MD = 31.50, 95%CI (17.12, 45.88), P < 0.01], in untrained participants [MD = 50.37, 95%CI (30.47, 70.27), P < 0.01], and assessed by cycling exercise tests [MD = 46.51, 95%CI (26.21, 66.82), P < 0.01]. However, no significant effect was observed on TTP [MD = −1.75, 95%CI (−8.79, 5.29), P = 0.63], VO2max/VO2peak [MD = 0.10, 95%CI (−1.02, 1.21), P = 0.87], and BLA [MD = 0.26, 95%CI (−0.05, 0.57), P = 0.10] in healthy adults after IPC intervention. Conclusions: This meta-analysis provides moderate evidence that IPC intervention cannot induce significant improvement in aerobic capacity, but it improves the tolerance of the training intensity and fatigue recovery in healthy adults. IPC intervention might be effective (i) in acute intervention conditions, (ii) in untrained athletes or beginner athletes, and (iii) in exercises dominated by the muscles at the position of the intervention. Systematic review registration: www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier: CRD42023407412.

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Preconditioning improves muscle regeneration after ischemia–reperfusion injury

Zhong

Liu

Kim

et al. 2020

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a critical condition associated with serious clinical manifestations. Extensive research has focused on the strategies increasing organ tolerance to IRI. Preconditioning (PC) has been shown to provide protection to various organs toward IRI. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the role of PC on muscle regeneration after IRI and the potential underlying mechanisms. Three-month-old male UCP-1 reporter mice underwent unilateral hindlimb IRI with or without PC, the tissue viability and injury index were measured at 24 h after IRI. Hindlimb gait, muscle contractility, muscle histology were analyzed at 2 weeks after IRI. In another group of animals, β3 adrenergic receptor (β3AR) agonist amibegron and β3AR antagonist SR-59230A were administrated before PC/IRI, the hindlimb function and muscle regeneration were evaluated at 2 weeks after IRI. Our results showed that PC has little effect on improving the tissue viability at the acute phase of IRI, but it showed a long-term beneficial role of improving hindlimb function and muscle regeneration as evidenced by increased central nuclei regenerating myofibers. The effects of PC are related to inducing muscle fibro-adipogenic progenitor (FAP) brown/beige-like adipocyte (BAT) differentiation. Amibegron treatment displayed a similar role of PC while SR-59230A abolished the effect of PC. This study suggests PC has a beneficial role in promoting muscle regeneration after IRI through β3AR signaling pathwaystimulated FAP-BAT differentiation.

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Ischemic Preconditioning Attenuates Rating of Perceived Exertion But Does Not Improve Maximal Oxygen Consumption or Maximal Power Output

Cited by 8 publications

References 34 publications

Effects of Individualized Ischemic Preconditioning on Protection Against Eccentric Exercise–Induced Muscle Damage: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Effects of Individualized Ischemic Preconditioning on Protection Against Eccentric Exercise–Induced Muscle Damage: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Effects of Ischemic Preconditioning on Aerobic Capacity in Healthy Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Preconditioning improves muscle regeneration after ischemia–reperfusion injury

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