Ischemic preconditioning delays the time of exhaustion in cycling performance during the early but not in the late phase

Abstract

Aims: To investigate the early and late ischemic preconditioning (IPC) effect on the trained cyclists' performance during incremental cycling test until exhaustion. Methods: Twenty-one male cyclists allocated to an IPC (2 x 5-min of blood flow occlusion at 50 mm Hg above systolic pressure followed + 5-min of deflation), SHAM (2 x 5-min at 20 mm Hg) or control (CON; no occlusion) interventions, performed three incremental cycling test (ICT) until exhaustion on separate days. The ICT were conducted pre interventions (baseline), 5-min and 24-h after interventions. The heart rate (HR) and power output (PO) were recorded during all ICT. Results: The IPC group increased ICT performance (4.4 ± 4.0 %; effect size (ES) = 0.27) 5-min post intervention, accompanied by HR mean reduction, compared to baseline (p < 0.05). However, there were no changes in SHAM (2.2 ± 4.2%; ES = 0.07) and CON (2.9 ± 5.0%; ES = 0.06) groups. In 24-h post intervention, SHAM (0.2 ± 4.7%; ES = 0.02) and CON (-1.0 ±1.6; ES = 0.03) maintained (p > 0.05) and IPC group decreased the performance (-4.6 ± 3.6 %; ES = 0.16) compared to 5-min post intervention (p < 0.05), but all groups were similar to baseline (p > 0.05). There were no difference (p > 0.05) among groups for PO peak, HR and ICT performance in all moments (baseline, 5-min and 24-h post intervention). Conclusion: The IPC increases early but not late incremental cycling test performance.

The relative peak power output of amateur mountain bikers is inversely correlated with body fat but not with fat-free mass

“…The incremental cycling test is often used in research to evaluate psychophysiological responses 11,24 which are highly correlated with cycling performance 11 . However, for greater accuracy in correlation analysis, especially in laboratory studies, the indices of aerobic fitness should be normalized to BM.…”

Ischemia–Reperfusion Intervention: From Enhancements in Exercise Performance to Accelerated Performance Recovery—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

“…In addition, the responsiveness of IR intervention, when applied before exercise or test to improve performance, has been associated with the training level of the subjects. Specifically, it was demonstrated that participants with low fitness level presented large [ 35 ] while high training level small [ 19 ] or no response to this intervention [ 36 ]. In this context, since PEIC responses have the same pattern, it could be speculated that its responses are also dependent on the fitness level of subjects.…”

“…Only one study analyzed two different protocols [ 6 ]. While some authors using a total time of ischemia above 10 min described positive effects on recovery [ 7 , 29 , 35 ], others using shorter time did not [ 27 , 28 ]. Although Beaven et al [ 24 ] found positive results for PEIC using total time of 6 min, in this investigation subjects were recreational athletes.…”

[Errata] Efeito do pré-condicionamento isquêmico remoto no consumo máximo de oxigênio e potência máxima em corredores e ciclistas: revisão sistemática e metanálise

“…12 O PCIR é uma estratégia não invasiva e de fácil aplicação que pode promover a melhora do desempenho do exercício. 13,14 Dessa forma, o objetivo deste estudo é investigar o efeito do pré-condicionamento isquêmico remoto no consumo máximo de oxigênio (VO2máx) e potência máxima (Wmáx) em corredores e ciclistas.…”