Ischial tuberosity: new donor site for bone grafts in animal cleft research

Möhlhenrich, Stephan Christian; Kniha, Kristian; Magnuska, Zuzanna; Gremse, Felix; Peters, Florian; Danesh, Gholamreza; Hölzle, Frank; Modabber, Ali

doi:10.1038/s41598-020-77862-w

Cited by 4 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Additionally, subsequent and equivalent orthodontic tooth movement in the cleft repair region of these models is not possible because the defect is too far away from the molar or the alveolar cleft is not completely interrupting the continuity of the bone. Therefore, to prevent this methodical deficit, the present study design was established, which makes use of grafting materials similar to human alveolar clefts and enables sufficient cleft repair with autografts from the ischial tuberosity of the hip as well as subsequent orthodontic tooth movement [ 28 , 29 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For cleft repair, the soft tissue was deflected as in the previous operation. In the group with cleft repair using autografts, the bone was harvested before the cleft repair from the left hip’s ischial tuberosity [ 29 ]. Before the autologous bone or the other grafting materials (xenogeneic/human or synthetic substitute) were used, the cleft was prepared by removing the applied bone wax and refreshing the surrounding bone.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of root resorption during orthodontic tooth movement after cleft repair using different grafting materials in rats

et al. 2022

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Objective The aim of the present study was to investigate the influence of three grafting materials for cleft repair on orthodontic tooth movement in rats. Materials and methods Artificial alveolar clefts were created in 21 Wistar rats and were repaired 4 weeks later using autografts, human xenografts and synthetic bone substitute (beta-tricalcium phosphate/hydroxyapatite [β-TCP/HA]). A further 4 weeks later, the first molar was moved into the reconstructed maxilla. Microfocus computed tomography (μCT) was performed six times (T0–T5) to assess the tooth movement and root resorption. After 8 weeks, the affected reconstructed jaw was resected for histopathological investigation. Results Total distances reached ranged from 0.82 ± 0.72 mm (β-TCP/HA) to 0.67 ± 0.27 mm (autograft). The resorption was particularly determined at the mesiobuccal root. Descriptive tooth movement slowed and root resorption increased slightly. However, neither the radiological changes during tooth movement (µCT T1 vs. µCT T5: autograft 1.85 ± 0.39 mm3 vs. 2.38 ± 0.35 mm3, p = 0.30; human xenograft 1.75 ± 0.45 mm3 vs. 2.17 ± 0.26 mm3, p = 0.54; β-TCP/HA: 1.52 ± 0.42 mm3 vs. 1.88 ± 0.41 mm3, p = 0.60) nor the histological differences after tooth movement (human xenograft: 0.078 ± 0.05 mm2; β-TCP/HA: 0.067 ± 0.049 mm2; autograft: 0.048 ± 0.015 mm2) were statistically significant. Conclusion The autografts, human xenografts or synthetic bone substitute used for cleft repair seem to have a similar effect on the subsequent orthodontic tooth movement and the associated root resorptions. Clinical relevance Development of root resorptions seems to have a secondary role in choosing a suitable grafting material for cleft repair.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of root resorption during orthodontic tooth movement after cleft repair using different grafting materials in rats

et al. 2022

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“…This is because the constructed defect is too far away from the molar or because the alveolar cleft is not completely continuity interrupting. The present study design was thus developed; its cleft morphology is similar to those of human patients and it allows cleft repair using autologous bone grafts from a new donor site and a subsequent orthodontic tooth movement in the reconstructed area 22 , 25 . However, it must be critically noted that at the beginning some of the orthodontic appliances were lost in all three groups that means force-free time intervals up to 2 weeks.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The soft tissue was deflected using the previously used approach. In the animals with jaw reconstruction using autologous bone, this was done before grafting from the left ischial tuberosity in the hip 25 . After the exposure and removal of the bone wax, the bone surrounding the cleft was refreshed.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of different grafting materials for alveolar cleft repair in the context of orthodontic tooth movement in rats

Möhlhenrich

Kniha

Magnuska

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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To minimize the postoperative risks posed by grafting autologous transplants for cleft repair, efforts are being made to improve grafting materials for use as potential alternatives. The aim of this study was to compare the bone graft quality of different bone substitutes including the gold standard autografts during the healing processes after cleft repair in the context of orthodontic treatment. In 21 Wistar rats, a complete, continuity-interrupting cleft was created. After 4 weeks, cleft repair was performed using autografts from the hips’ ischial tuberosity, human xenografts, or synthetic bone substitutes [beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP)/hydroxyapatite (HA)]. After another 4 weeks, the first molar movement was initiated in the reconstructed jaw for 8 weeks. The bone remodeling was analyzed in vivo using micro-computed tomography (bone mineral density and bone volume fraction) and histology (new bone formation). All the grafting materials were statistically different in bone morphology, which changed during the treatment period. The β-TCP/HA substitute demonstrated less resorption compared to the autologous and xenogeneic/human bone, and the autografts led to a stronger reaction in the surrounding bone. Histologically, the highest level of new bone formation was found in the human xenografts, and the lowest was found in the β-TCP/HA substitute. The differences between the two bone groups and the synthetic materials were statistically significant. Autografts were confirmed to be the gold standard in cleft repair with regard to graft integration. However, parts of the human xenograft seemed comparable to the autografts. Thus, this substitute could perhaps be used as an alternative after additional tissue-engineered modification.

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“…In this context, we recently introduced a new alveolar cleft model in rats with complete maxillary interruption covered by the epithelial lining, which allows for orthodontic tooth movement after cleft repair [ 12 – 15 ]. This model permits cleft repairs using autologous bone grafts from a novel donor site, the ischial tuberosity of the hip [ 12 , 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlations between radiological and histological findings of bone remodelling and root resorption in a rodent cleft model

Möhlhenrich

Kniha²,

Heitzer³

et al. 2022

Head Face Med

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Background The evaluation of bone remodelling and dental root resorption can be performed by histological techniques or micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). The present study aimed to evaluate the relationship between these two procedures in the context of cleft repair in a rat model. Methods The reconstructed maxillae and the orthodontically-moved first molar of 12 rats were analysed for correlations between the histological and radiological findings retrospectively. The alveolar cleft repairs were performed using bone autografts or (human) xenografts. Four weeks after the operation, the intervention of the first molar protraction was initiated and lasted for eight weeks. The newly formed bone and the root resorption lacunae were determined via histology. In the micro-CT analysis, the average change of bone mineral density (BMD), bone volume fraction (BV/TV), trabecular thickness and trabecular separation of the jaw, as well as the volume of the root resorptions were determined. The Pearson correlation coefficient was applied to study the associations between groups. Results Positive correlations were found only between the newly formed bone (histology) and BMD changes (micro-CT) in the autograft group (r = 0.812, 95% CI: 0.001 to 0.979, p = 0.05). The relationship of newly formed bone and BV/TV was similar but not statistically significant (r = 0.691, 95% CI: −0.274 to 0.963, p = 0.013). Regarding root resorption, no significant correlations were found. Conclusions Due to the lack of correlation between histological and radiological findings of bone remodelling and the development of root resorptions, both methods should be combined in this cleft model in rats for a comprehensive analysis.

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Ischial tuberosity: new donor site for bone grafts in animal cleft research

Cited by 4 publications

References 37 publications

Development of root resorption during orthodontic tooth movement after cleft repair using different grafting materials in rats

Development of root resorption during orthodontic tooth movement after cleft repair using different grafting materials in rats

Evaluation of different grafting materials for alveolar cleft repair in the context of orthodontic tooth movement in rats

Correlations between radiological and histological findings of bone remodelling and root resorption in a rodent cleft model

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