Ishii test for screening sarcopenia: performance in community-dwelling older adults

Erdoğan, Tuğba; Çatıkkaş, Nezahat Müge; Ören, Meryem Merve; Kılıç, Cihan; Karan, Mehmet Akif; Bahat, Gülistan

doi:10.1007/s40520-021-01998-6

Cited by 21 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Other authors have evaluated 1635 community-dwelling elderly individuals by the EWGSOP2 criteria and conveyed that the Ishii test demonstrated correctness, speci city, NPV and AUC values of 100%, 83.9%, 100% and 0.961, respectively [25]. Another study implementing the AWGS2019 standards among 941 Chinese older adults in nursing houses reported that the Ishii test had diagnostic correctness of 75.31% and a speci city of 79.9% for males, and 70.65% 81.35% for females, respectively [34].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Calf Circumference and Ishii Score Chart in Predicting Sarcopenia in Multiple Ethnic Chinese Adults - Results from West China Health and Aging Trend Study

Luo

Chen

Hou

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Objective: The study aims at studying the accuracy of the calf circumference (CC) and Ishii score chart to predict sarcopenia among multiple ethnic grownups. Methods: The current study was a cross-sectional study. The study included adults aged 50 years and above. The patients were part of the West China Health and Aging Trend (WCHAT) study. Sarcopenia was diagnosed following the references to the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) 2019 guidelines. The Ishii score chart and CC set the incidence rate. The comparison between the two for predicting sarcopenia was made by comparing their sensitivity and specificity by measuring the positive (PPV) and negative predictive values (NPV), as well as the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Results: 4177 people (50 years and older) were retrieved from the study. 2668 (63.9%) were females, and 1509 (36.1%) were males. The general occurrence of age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass was 22.6%, while the estimated incidence in men was 27% and 20.2% in women. Sarcopenia prediction by the CC and the Ishii test demonstrated the following ratios of their sensitivity and NPVs: 74.76%/0.9 and 75.49%/0.89, respectively, in men and 78.25%/ 0.94 and 65.24%/0.9, in women. In men, the measured values of AUCs of the CC and Ishii test were 0.852 (95% CI, 0.83-0.873) and 0.805 (95% CI, 0.781-0.829). In women, AUCs of the two tests were 0.882 (95% CI, 0.865-0.898) and 0.806 (95% CI, 0.787-0.825), respectively. Conclusion: Both CC and Ishii score charts were proven appropriate for predicting sarcopenia in multiple ethnic middle-aged community older adults. The comparison between the two sarcopenia diagnostic tools presented CC as more applicable.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Existing studies have shown that the Ishii test demonstrated high sensitivity and speci city in both communitydwelling patients as well as in non-hospitalized ones [25,26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calf Circumference and Ishii Score Chart in Predicting Sarcopenia in Multiple Ethnic Chinese Adults - Results from West China Health and Aging Trend Study

Luo

Chen

Hou

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…When using these cut-off values as a diagnostic threshold, the Ishii test yielded NPVs of 98% in both males and females in the present study cohort, in line with prior reports indicating the negative predictive utility of this test. In another report, the Ishii test exhibited sensitivity and NPV values of up to 100% when diagnosing severe sarcopenia among adults ≥ 60 years of age in a geriatric outpatient clinic of a university hospital in Turkey using the EWGSOP criteria as a reference gold standard, when using the Ishii Test founder recommended cut-off values > 105 for men and > 120 for women 19 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Ishii test was designed by Ishii et al as a tool that can assess the odds of sarcopenia based on calculations that take patient age, grip strength, and calf circumference into consideration 18 . Prior work has demonstrated that this test offers high levels of both sensitivity and speci city when diagnosing sarcopenia among communitydwelling adults and inpatients [18][19][20] . Notably, the Ishii test scores are also signi cantly related to poorer overall functional status 21 , and can predict long-term all-cause mortality among hospitalized older adults 8 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Accuracy of the Ishii Test in Diagnosing Severe Sarcopenia among Multi- ethnic Middle-aged to Older Adults: Results From the West China Health and Aging Trend Study

Luo

Chen

Hou

et al. 2022

Preprint

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OBJECTIVES: This study was designed to establish the diagnostic utility of the Ishii test, which gauges the odds of severe sarcopenia based on the results of an equation based upon age, grip strength, and calf circumference among middle-aged and older adults in Western China. METHODS: This study incorporated adults ≥ 50 years of age from the West China Health and Aging Trend (WCHAT) study. Severe sarcopenia was defined as per the AWGS2019 recommendations, with the odds of severe sarcopenia being estimated with the Ishii test score chart. The diagnostic utility of the Ishii test in this patient cohort was assessed by analyzing its sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and the area under the ROC curve (AUC). RESULTS: In total, 4,177 individuals ≥ 50 years of age were included in this study including 2,688 females (63.9%) and 1,509 males (36.1%). These included 568 (13.6%) participants affected by severe sarcopenia, of whom 237 were male (15.7%) and 331 were female (12.4%). Optimal Ishii test cut-off values established based on Youden’s index were ≥ 114 for males and ≥ 120 for females when using the AWGS2019 reference standard. The sensitivity/specificity/PPV/NPV of the Ishii test when screening for severe sarcopenia were 89.45%/77.15%/0.42/0.98 in males and 90.03%/ 77.05%/0.36/0.98 in females. The AUC values for the Ishii test in males and females were 0.899 (95% CI, 0.883-0.916) and 0.905 (95% CI, 0.892-0.917), respectively. CONCLUSION: These data indicate that the Ishii test offers value as a candidate diagnostic test that can be used to screen for severe sarcopenia, with recommended diagnostic cut-off values of ≥ 114 for males and ≥ 120 for females.

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“…It has been suggested as a better choice for early screening for sarcopenia because of its increased sensitivity for case finding [25,29,[35][36][37][38][39]. The Ishii Index has even greater sensitivity as it assesses calf circumference and grip strength [7,[40][41][42]. The choice of tool comes down to clinician time and preference.…”

Section: Key Pointsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Old muscle, new tricks: a clinician perspective on sarcopenia and where to next

Schütze,

Schopp,

Fairchild

et al. 2023

Current Opinion in Neurology

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Purpose of review This review offers a contemporary clinical approach to the recognition, prevention and management of sarcopenia, and discusses recent clinically relevant advances in the aetiopathogenesis of muscle ageing that may lead to future therapeutic targets. Recent findings The key recent directions for sarcopenia are in the diagnosis, understanding molecular mechanisms and management. Regarding the recognition of the condition, it has become increasingly clear that different definitions hamper progress in understanding. Therefore, the Global Leadership in Sarcopenia has been established in 2022 to develop a universally accepted definition. Moreover, substantial work is occurring to understand the various roles and contribution of inflammation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and metabolic dysregulation on skeletal muscle function and ageing. Finally, the role of resistance-based exercise regimes has been continually emphasised. However, the role of protein supplementation and hormone replacement therapy (HRT) are still under debate, and current clinical trials are underway. Summary With the global ageing of our population, there is increasing emphasis on maintaining good health. Maintenance of skeletal muscle strength and function are key to preventing frailty, morbidity and death.

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Ishii test for screening sarcopenia: performance in community-dwelling older adults

Cited by 21 publications

References 31 publications

Calf Circumference and Ishii Score Chart in Predicting Sarcopenia in Multiple Ethnic Chinese Adults - Results from West China Health and Aging Trend Study

Calf Circumference and Ishii Score Chart in Predicting Sarcopenia in Multiple Ethnic Chinese Adults - Results from West China Health and Aging Trend Study

Analysis of the Accuracy of the Ishii Test in Diagnosing Severe Sarcopenia among Multi- ethnic Middle-aged to Older Adults: Results From the West China Health and Aging Trend Study

Old muscle, new tricks: a clinician perspective on sarcopenia and where to next

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