Islands and the Delimitation of Ocean Space in the South China Sea

Dyke, Jon M. Van; Bennett, Dale L.

doi:10.1163/221160093x00051

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Trong Công ước, khái niệm "đảo đá" không có định nghĩa riêng, nhưng có thể được hiểu là một dạng đặc biệt của đảo. Theo khoản 3 điều 121 có thể phân các đảo đá thành hai dạng, dạng thích hợp cho con người đến ở hoặc có một đời sống kinh tế riêng và loại không đáp ứng tiêu chí đó [6]. Khoản 1 điều 121 đưa ra ba yếu tố trong định nghĩa về đảo, bao gồm: là một vùng đất tự nhiên; được bao bọc bởi nước; luôn nổi trên mặt nước khi thủy triều lên.…”

Section: địNh Nghĩa Quy Chế Pháp Lí Của đảO Trước Khi Có Phán Quyết unclassified

“…Đài Loan chiếm 1 thực thể. Hiện nay Việt Nam đang kiểm soát 21 thực thể tại Trường Sa 6 8 là những bãi cạn nổi lên khi thủy triều xuống, nhưng sẽ bị ngập dưới nước biển khi thủy triều lên, do vậy không có các vùng biển riêng bao gồm lãnh hải, thềm lục địa và vùng đặc quyền kinh tế riêng 9 ; Nhóm thứ hai bao gồm Bãi đá Ga Ven 10 và Đá Ken-nan (McKennan Reef) (gồm cả Đá Tư Nghĩa (Hughes Reef)) cũng là những cạn nổi lên khi thủy triều xuống, nhưng sẽ bị ngập dưới nước biển khi thủy triều lên, do vậy không có các vùng biển riêng bao gồm lãnh hải, thềm lục địa và vùng đặc quyền kinh tế riêng, nhưng ngấn nước chiều thấp nhất của chúng có thể được dùng để xác định đường cơ sở để tính chiều rộng lãnh hải của đảo Nam Yết (Namyit) and đảo Sinh Tồn (Sin Cowe) [13]. Ngoài ra, Phi-lip-pin cũng yêu cầu Tòa trọng tài tuyên bố là các thực thể Bãi cạn Hoàng Nham (Scarborough Shoal) 11…”

Section: Quy Chế Pháp Lí Các Thực Thể Thuộc Trường Sa Theo Phán Quyếtunclassified

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The Legal Status of Islands and Other Features and the China's Unreasonable Claim on the Nine-dash Line in South China Sea Under the Arbitration Award in the Philippines v. China Case

Vinh

2020

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In the context of the long, complex disputes in Bien Dong (South China Sea) and the emergence of the use of force risks therefor, a long term solution based on a system of approaches and measures on deferent diplomatic, economic, and legal levels must be available. On the legal level, the Article analyzes the main contents of the Arbitration Award in the Philippines v. China Case regarding the status of islands and other features and the China's unreasonable claim on the nine-dash line and its actions in the South China Sea. Since then, the Article suggests the comments on the effects and consequences of the Award in light of the general perception that this Award is an important victory of international law in general and of the Law of the Sea in particular, this also is the victory of the countries, including Vietnam against China's unjustified unilateral claims and acts in the South China Sea. Keywords: South China sea; the arbitration award on South China sea, legal status of islands, the nine-dash line. References: [1] PCA Case Nº 2013-19, The South China Sea Arbitration, Award of 12 July 2016,https://pcacases.com/web/sendAttach/2086. [2] Nikos Papadakis, The International Legal Regime of Artificial Islands, Sijthoff - Leyden, 1977. [3] Convention on the Territorial Sea and the Contiguous Zone, Geneva 29 April 1958, United Nations, Treaty Series , vol. 516, p. 205.[4] Convention on the Continental Shelf, Geneva, 29 April 1958, United Nations, Treaty Series , vol. 499, p. 311.[5] United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Montego Bay 10 December 1982.[6] Van Dyke, M. Jon and Bennett, Dale (1993), Islands and the Delimitation of Ocean Space in the South China Sea, 10 Ocean Yearbook.[7] Jonathan I. Charney (1999), Rocks That Cannot Sustain Human Habitation, American Journal of International Law, 93 A.J.I.L. 863.[8] Continental Shelf Area between Jan Mayen and Iceland (Jan Mayen Continental Shelf), Report and Recommendations to the Government of Iceland and Norway of the Conciliation Commission of 19-20 May 1981 in 62 International Law Reports (1981), p. 108.[9] D.W. Bowett (1979), The Legal Regime of Islands in International Law; E.D. Brown (1978), Rockall and the Limits of National Jurisdiction of the UK: Part 1, Marine Policy Vol. 2, p. 181 at pp. 206-207; J.M. Van Dyke & R.A. Brooks (1983), Uninhabited Islands: Their Impact on the Ownership of the Oceans’ Resources, Ocean Development and International Law, Vol. 12, , Nos. 3-4, p. 265; R. Kolb (1994), The Interpretation of Article 121, Paragraph 3 of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea: Rocks Which Cannot Sustain Human Habitation or Economic Life of Their Own, French Yearbook of International Law, Vol. 40, 1994, p. 899; D. Anderson (2002), Islands and Rocks in the Modern Law of the Sea, in United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea 1982: A Commentary, Vol. VI, pp. 307-21; J.L. Jesus, Rocks (2003), New-born Islands, Sea Level Rise, and Maritime Space, in J. Frowein, et al., eds., Negotiating for Peace, p. 579.[10] North Sea Continental Shelf Cases, Para 57.[11] Tunisia Libya Case, Para. 128.[12] Case Concerning Delimitation of the Maritime Boundary in the Gulf of Maine Area, (U.S. v. Canada), I.C.J. Reports 1984, p. 222.[13] PCA Case Nº 2013-19, The South China Sea Arbitration, Award of 12 July 2016. Truy cập tại đường link:https://pcacases.com/web/sendAttach/2086.[14] Note Verbal No. CML/8/2011 (14 April 2011) from the Permanent Mission of the People’s Republic of China to the UN Secretary-General with regard to the joint submission made by Malaysia and Viet Nam to the Commssion on the Limites of Continental Shefl, Annex I, Doc. A23; Foreign Ministry Spokesperson Hua Chunying's Remarks on Relevant Issue about Taiping Dao, 06/03/2016: www.fmprc.gov.cn/mfa_eng/xwfw_665399/s2510665401/t1369189.shtml.[15] Daniel Schaerffer, The Legacy of the Nine -Dashed Line: Past, Present and Future in International Workshop Paracel and Spratly Archipelagos History Truth, Danang, 19-21/4/2014: http://pdu.edu.vn/a/index.php?dept=20&disd=&tid=4921.[16] Note Verbal No. CML/17/2009 (7 May 2009) from the Permanent Mission of the People’s Republic of China to the UN Secretary-General with regard to the joint submission made by Malaysia and Viet Nam to the Commssion on the Limites of Continental Shefl: https://www.un.org/Depts/los/clcs_new/submissionsfiles/mysvnm33_09/chn_2009re_mys_vnm_e.pdf.[17] Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf (CLCS) Outer limits of the continental shelf beyond 200 nautical miles from the baselines: Submissions to the Commission: Joint submission by Malaysia and the Socialist Republic of Vietnam.[18] http://www.un.org/Depts/los/clcs_new/submissiosfiles/submission_mysvnm_33_2009.htm.

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Section: địNh Nghĩa Quy Chế Pháp Lí Của đảO Trước Khi Có Phán Quyết unclassified

Section: Quy Chế Pháp Lí Các Thực Thể Thuộc Trường Sa Theo Phán Quyếtunclassified

The Legal Status of Islands and Other Features and the China's Unreasonable Claim on the Nine-dash Line in South China Sea Under the Arbitration Award in the Philippines v. China Case

Vinh

2020

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“…The first formal act of sovereignty was performed in 1876, when China's ambassador to the UK marked the Paracels as Chinese territory. 27 The Middle Kingdom was progressively losing strength and influence: the breakout of the first Opium War in 1839 is considered the beginning of the ''century of humiliation'' in Chinese historiography. In 1914, with the empire already collapsed, a continuous boundary line enclosing part of the South China Sea appeared in a Chinese atlas compiled by two cartographers.…”

Section: Hina 'S Territorial Struggle Beyond T He Cen Tury Of Humilia...mentioning

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The South China Sea and the Building of a National Maritime Culture

Uras¹

2017

Asian Survey

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Policy of the Republic of China towards the South China Sea: recent developments

Sun¹

1995

Marine Policy

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Islands and the Delimitation of Ocean Space in the South China Sea

Cited by 10 publications

References 2 publications

The Legal Status of Islands and Other Features and the China's Unreasonable Claim on the Nine-dash Line in South China Sea Under the Arbitration Award in the Philippines v. China Case

The Legal Status of Islands and Other Features and the China's Unreasonable Claim on the Nine-dash Line in South China Sea Under the Arbitration Award in the Philippines v. China Case

The South China Sea and the Building of a National Maritime Culture

Policy of the Republic of China towards the South China Sea: recent developments

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