Islet-resident macrophage-derived miR-155 promotes β cell decompensation via targeting PDX1

Zhang, Yan; Cong, Rong; Lv, Tingting; Liu, Kerong; Chang, Xiaoai; Li, Yating; Han, Xiao; Zhu, Yunxia

doi:10.1016/j.isci.2024.109540

iScience

2024

DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109540

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Islet-resident macrophage-derived miR-155 promotes β cell decompensation via targeting PDX1

Yan Zhang,

Rong Cong,

Tingting Lv

et al.

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Cited by 4 publications

References 49 publications

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Exosomes and Macrophages: Bidirectional Mutual Regulation in the Treatment of Diabetic Complications

Li,

Yang,

et al. 2024

Cel. Mol. Bioeng.

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Exosomes and Macrophages: Bidirectional Mutual Regulation in the Treatment of Diabetic Complications

Li,

Yang,

et al. 2024

Cel. Mol. Bioeng.

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Exosomal miRNAs and isomiRs: potential biomarkers for type 2 diabetes mellitus

Sou,

Chilian,

Ratnam

et al. 2024

Precision Clinical Medicine

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Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disease that is characterized by chronic hyperglycaemia. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are single-stranded, small non-coding RNAs that play important roles in post-transcriptional gene regulation. They are negative regulators of their target messenger RNAs (mRNAs), in which they bind either to inhibit mRNA translation, or to induce mRNA decay. Similar to proteins, miRNAs exist in different isoforms (isomiRs). miRNAs and isomiRs are selectively loaded into small extracellular vesicles, such as the exosomes, to protect them from RNase degradation. In T2DM, exosomal miRNAs produced by different cell types are transported among the primary sites of insulin action. These interorgan crosstalk regulate various T2DM-associated pathways such as adipocyte inflammation, insulin signalling, and β cells dysfunction among many others. In this review, we first focus on the mechanism of exosome biogenesis, followed by miRNA biogenesis and isomiR formation. Next, we discuss the roles of exosomal miRNAs and isomiRs in the development of T2DM and provide evidence from clinical studies to support their potential roles as T2DM biomarkers. Lastly, we highlight the use of exosomal miRNAs and isomiRs in personalized medicine, as well as addressing the current challenges and future opportunities in this field. This review summarizes how research on exosomal miRNAs and isomiRs has developed from the very basic to clinical applications, with the goal of advancing towards the era of personalized medicine.

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Targeting β-Cell Plasticity: A Promising Approach for Diabetes Treatment

Ghasemi Gojani,

Rai,

Norouzkhani

et al. 2024

CIMB

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The β-cells within the pancreas play a pivotal role in insulin production and secretion, responding to fluctuations in blood glucose levels. However, factors like obesity, dietary habits, and prolonged insulin resistance can compromise β-cell function, contributing to the development of Type 2 Diabetes (T2D). A critical aspect of this dysfunction involves β-cell dedifferentiation and transdifferentiation, wherein these cells lose their specialized characteristics and adopt different identities, notably transitioning towards progenitor or other pancreatic cell types like α-cells. This process significantly contributes to β-cell malfunction and the progression of T2D, often surpassing the impact of outright β-cell loss. Alterations in the expressions of specific genes and transcription factors unique to β-cells, along with epigenetic modifications and environmental factors such as inflammation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction, underpin the occurrence of β-cell dedifferentiation and the onset of T2D. Recent research underscores the potential therapeutic value for targeting β-cell dedifferentiation to manage T2D effectively. In this review, we aim to dissect the intricate mechanisms governing β-cell dedifferentiation and explore the therapeutic avenues stemming from these insights.

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Islet-resident macrophage-derived miR-155 promotes β cell decompensation via targeting PDX1

Cited by 4 publications

References 49 publications

Exosomes and Macrophages: Bidirectional Mutual Regulation in the Treatment of Diabetic Complications

Exosomes and Macrophages: Bidirectional Mutual Regulation in the Treatment of Diabetic Complications

Exosomal miRNAs and isomiRs: potential biomarkers for type 2 diabetes mellitus

Targeting β-Cell Plasticity: A Promising Approach for Diabetes Treatment

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