Islet transplantation and antioxidant management: A comprehensive review

Abstract

Islet transplantation as a promising treatment for type 1 diabetes has received widespread attention. Oxidative stress plays an essential role in cell injury during islet isolation and transplantation procedures. Antioxidants have been used in various studies to improve islet transplantation procedures. The present study reviews the role of oxidative stress and the benefits of antioxidants in islet transplantation procedures. The bibliographical databases Pubmed and Scopus were searched up to November 2008.All relevant human and animal in-vivo and in-vitro studies, which investigated antioxidants on islets, were included. Almost all the tested antioxidants used in the in-vitro studies enhanced islet viability and insulin secretion. Better control of blood glucose after transplantation was the major outcome of antioxidant therapy in all in-vivo studies. The data also indicated that antioxidants improved islet transplantation procedures. Although there is still insufficient evidence to draw definitive conclusions about the efficacy of individual supplements, the benefits of antioxidants in islet isolation procedures cannot be ignored.

Blockage of both the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways of diazinon-induced apoptosis in PaTu cells by magnesium oxide and selenium nanoparticles

“…In this area of research, previous studies have shown that metal oxide NPs, including CeO 2 , Y 2 O 3 , ZnO, and MgO, were capable of enhancing cell survival and function under conditions of oxidative stress; [33][34][35][36][37] the reason for increasing insulin by metal oxide NPs was justified by their antioxidant property. 38 In addition, it was demonstrated that using metal oxide NPs induces a cascade of protein phosphorylation due to increase of ATP/ADP ratio that finally leads to secretion of insulin.…”

Improvement of inflammatory and toxic stress biomarkers by silymarin in a murine model of type one diabetes mellitus

“…Good evidence indicates that cyclic nucleotides are able to act against oxidative stress [49,50] that may explain anti-toxic stress potential of silymarin in the present model of T1DM. Regarding existing literature, silymarin has enough potential to be tested for improvement of pancreatic islet transplantation procedures [51].…”

“…It has been illustrated that NF-κB is responsible for over-expression of innate immune mediators [3]. Activation of NF-κB causes destruction and dysfunction of IPβCs [4]. Moreover, glucose itself promotes proinflammatory cytokines and inflammatory matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2.…”

Comparative Effects of Calcium Channel Blockers, Autonomic Nervous System Blockers, and Free Radical Scavengers On Diazinon-Induced Hyposecretion Of Insulin From Isolated Islets of Langerhans in Rats

“…A number of evidence on the relationship between oxidative stress and diabetes (32)(33)(34)(42)(43)(44)(45)(46)(47) even by OP compounds (48) supports this conclusion, and calls for further research of the benefi cial effects of antioxidants (49). Our future work will focus on the balance between insulin secretion, antioxidant levels, and islet cytotoxicity.…”