Isobaric Vapor−Liquid Equilibria for Three Ternary Systems:  Water + 2-Propanol + 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium Tetrafluoroborate, Water + 1-Propanol + 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium Tetrafluoroborate, and Water + 1-Propanol + 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium Tetrafluoroborate

Abstract

Isobaric vapor-liquid equilibrium (VLE) data were measured for three ternary systems containing ionic liquids (ILs): water + 2-propanol + 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([emim][BF 4 ]), water + 1-propanol + [emim][BF 4 ], and water + 1-propanol + 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([bmim][BF 4 ]). The measurements were performed at P ) 100 kPa and at several constant IL mass fractions. Activity coefficients of the volatile components were obtained without the need of a thermodynamic model of the liquid phase. The effect of the ILs on the relative volatility of the volatile components was depicted separately by their effect on the activity coefficients. Results of the activity coefficients showed that [emim] + has a stronger interaction with water than [bmim] + ; however, it has a weaker interaction with 1-propanol or 2-propanol. Boiling temperature data were also measured at 100 kPa for the six binary systems containing ILs. Ternary VLE data were also calculated from binary NRTL parameters, which were obtained from correlations of the binary boiling temperature data.

Phase equilibria study of the binary systems (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tosylate ionic liquid+water, or organic solvent)

“…Particularly, by varying the cation, anion, and/or substituent groups, the physico-chemical properties of ILs could be tailored to fit into specific requirements. Currently, a large number of experimental VLE [9][10][11][15][16][17][18], LLE [7,8,12,14,19], and SLE [7,14,19] data are available in the literature for the ILs mixtures with different solvents.…”

Effect of mono-, di- and tri-ethanolammonium tetrafluoroborate protonic ionic liquids on the volatility of water, ethanol, and methanol

“…The hydrolysis of [BF 4 ] − produces [BF 3 OH] − and HF, and [BF 3 OH] − can further hydrolyze and produce more HF [35]. The influence of hydrolysis of [BF 4 ] − on VLE have been studied by Zhang et al [36].…”

“…The ratio of H + activity to PIL mole fraction was calculated less than 1.7 × 10 −3 . Therefore, the [BF 4 ] − hydrolysis during the vapor pressure measurements is estimated within 0.2% according to the method described in the literature [36].…”

Phase equilibria study of the binary systems (N-butyl-3-methylpyridinium tosylate ionic liquid+an alcohol)

“…Vector a contains parameters of the assumed liquid phase model and expresses the ''nature" of the system studied. Following experimental observations and few recent papers regarding VLE data for systems containing the IL [9][10][11][15][16][17][18], the assumption was made that vapour pressure of the pure IL equals zero, that in turn automatically implies that y 1 = 0 and simplifies equation (1) to:…”

“…Particularly, by varying the cation, anion, and/or substituent groups, the physico-chemical properties of ILs could be tailored to fit into specific requirements. Currently, large numbers of experimental VLE [9][10][11][15][16][17][18], LLE, [7,8,12,14,19] and SLE [7,14,19] data are available in the literature for the ILs mixtures with different solvents. These fundamental measurements are necessary to give the first information for the predictive methods, as COSMO-RS, or mod.…”