Isobavachalcone inhibits post-entry stages of the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus life cycle

Abstract

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is a pathogen of great economic significance that impacts the swine industry globally. Since the first report of a porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) outbreak, tremendous efforts to control this disease, including various national policies and plans incorporating the use of multiple modified live-virus vaccines, have been made. However, PRRSV is still a significant threat to the swine industry, and new variants continually emerge as a result of PRRSV evolution. Several studies have shown that pandemic PRRSV strains have enormous genetic diversity and that commercial vaccines can only provide partial protection against these strains. Therefore, effective anti-PRRSV drugs may be more suitable and reliable for PRRSV control. In this study, we observed that isobavachalcone (IBC), which was first isolated from Psoralea corylifolia, had potent anti-PRRSV activity in vitro. Although many biological activities of IBC have been reported, this is the first report describing the antiviral activity of IBC. Furthermore, after a systematic investigation, we demonstrated that IBC inhibits PRRSV replication at the post-entry stage of PRRSV infection. Thus, IBC may be a candidate for further evaluation as a therapeutic agent against PRRSV infection of swine in vivo.

Isobavachalcone inhibits Pseudorabies virus by impairing virus-induced cell-to-cell fusion

“…This pattern indicated that IBC inhibits PRV during the late stage of the viral lifecycle. In addition, these results demonstrated that the mechanisms by which IBC inhibits PRV and PRRSV may differ because IBC inhibited PRRSV at an early stage in our previous study [9]. PRV can induce cell-to-cell fusion, a very important step in viral spreading, at a late stage in the lifecycle.…”

“…IBC was first isolated from Psoralea corylifolia in 1968 and possesses a broad spectrum of biological activities [8]. In a recent study, IBC also exhibited anti-porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) activity during the early stage of viral RNA synthesis [9]. To explore whether IBC has anti-PRV activity, we first evaluated the cytotoxicity of IBC on PK15 cells with a Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK8, Dojindo Laboratories, Japan) according to the manufacturer's instructions.…”

Xanthohumol inhibits PRRSV proliferation and alleviates oxidative stress induced by PRRSV via the Nrf2–HMOX1 axis

“…The PRRSV life cycle can be divided into 4 basic stages: attachment, entry, replication and release [53, 54]. Our results showed that xanthohumol significantly inhibited PRRSV adsorption and entry in Marc-145 cells and PAMs.…”

Natural Chalcones in Chinese Materia Medica: Licorice

“…e components studied include isoliquiritigenin, licochalcone A, isobavachalcone, echinatin, and kanzonol Y. Isoliquiritigenin and licochalcone A evinced anti-HCV activity [92,93]. Isobavachalcone had potent antiporcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) activity in vitro by inhibiting PRRSV replication at the postentry stage of PRRSV infection [94]. Echinatin and isoliquiritigenin showed strong inhibitory effects on influenza viral strains, H1N1, H9N2, and novel H1N1 [28].…”