Isobias curves in some detection tasks

Dusoir, Tony

doi:10.3758/bf03202890

Cited by 54 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Macmillan and Creelman provided a rationale for favoring the criterion location (Equation 2) over the likelihood ratio for the second and third ofthese standards. However, the first of these standards, empirical evidence, has proved elusive in contemporary research with human subjects (e.g., Dusoir, 1983). In contrast, response bias has been a major research focus in studies ofanimal performance in signal-detection tasks.…”

Section: Biasmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Receiver operating characteristics from nonhuman animals: Some implications and directions for research with humans

Alsop

1998

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review

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Reviews of signal detection have largely overlooked the research involving nonhuman animal subjects. Some of this research is presented and reanalyzed here. Plots of receiver operating characteristics show that human and nonhuman signal-detection performance is very similar. The studies emphasize the series of discriminations that comprise signal-detection tasks and illustrate the systematic effects of different methods of arranging payoffs or feedback, of the consistency of that feedback, and of the physical disparity between response alternatives. The data provide some support for recent theoretical accounts that favor a criterion location measure of isobias over the likelihood ratio, but they also suggest that more systematic work is required in this area. Overall, this research supports many contemporary views concerning signal detection, and it provides an alternative way of looking at some recurrent issues. It also suggests that extensions of signal detection to analyze data from other research paradigms require some caution, and it offers directions for complementary research with human subjects.

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Section: Biasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dusoir (1983) conducted what is probably the most extensive study of this type with humans. However, his experiments used variants of uncontrolled proceduresthat is, although the experiment arranged asymmetric sizes or frequencies of the payoffs, the final payoff distributions were determined by performance.…”

Section: Biasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Receiver operating characteristics from nonhuman animals: Some implications and directions for research with humans

Alsop

1998

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review

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“…In the signal detection literature, there is some discussion of whether variation of the proportion of catch trials only affects the criterion location and not the sensitivity (e.g., Dusoir, 1983). Within the framework of the variable criterion theory, this can be tested by looking at the response evocation characteristics (RECs, Grice et aI., 1979;Grice et al, 1982) of the growth functions derived from the cumulative RT distributions.…”

Section: Naresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioral estimates of interhemispheric transmission time and the signal detection method: A reappraisal

Brysbaert

1994

Perception & Psychophysics

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On the basis of a review of the literature, Bashore (1981) concluded that only simple reaction time experiments with manual responses yielded consistent behavioral estimates of interhemispheric transmission time. A closer look at the data, however, revealed that these experiments were the only ones in which large numbers of observations were invariably obtained from many subjects. To investigate whether the methodological flaw was the origin of Bashore's conclusion, two experiments were run in which subjects had to react to lateralized light flashes. The first experiment dealt with manual reactions, the second with verbal reactions. Each experiment included a condition without catch trials (i.e., simple reaction time) and two conditions with catch trials. Catch trials were trials in which no stimulus was given and in which the response was to be withheld. Both experiments returned consistent estimates of interhemispheric transmission time in the range of 2-3 msec. No differences were found between the simple reaction time condition and the signal detection conditions with catch trials. Data were analyzed according to the variable criterion theory. This showed that the effect of catch trials, as well as the effect of interhemispheric transmission, was situated at the height of the detection criterion, and not in the rate of the information transmission.

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“…However, as Macmillan and Creelman (1990) have put it, discriminability and bias are not symmetric in this respect. Nevertheless, investigators have sought experimental evidence for a bias measure that does not alter when discriminability alters, presumably on the assumption that observers should maintain the same bias for different degrees of discriminability (e.g., Dusoir, 1983;See, Warm, Dember, & Howe, 1997;Snodgrass & Corwin, 1988). This quest perhaps overlooks the fact that choice of the criterion is at the observer's disposal: There may be good or bad reasons for shifting one's criterion when faced with easy or difficult tasks.…”

Section: Theoretical Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%