Isoegomaketone chemotype of Perilla frutescens var. nankinensis (Lour.) Britton

Background Perilla frutescens is widely used as both a medicine and a food worldwide. Its volatile oils are its active ingredients, and, based on the different volatile constituents, P. frutescens can be divided into several chemotypes, with perilla ketone (PK) being the most common. However, the key genes involved in PK biosynthesis have not yet been identified. Results In this study, metabolite constituents and transcriptomic data were compared in leaves of different levels. The variation in PK levels was the opposite of that of isoegoma ketone and egoma ketone in leaves at different levels. Based on transcriptome data, eight candidate genes were identified and successfully expressed in a prokaryotic system. Sequence analysis revealed them to be double bond reductases (PfDBRs), which are members of the NADPH-dependent, medium-chain dehydrogenase/reductase (MDR) superfamily. They catalyze the conversion of isoegoma ketone and egoma ketone into PK in in vitro enzymatic assays. PfDBRs also showed activity on pulegone, 3-nonen-2-one, and 4-hydroxybenzalacetone. In addition, several genes and transcription factors were predicted to be associated with monoterpenoid biosynthesis, and their expression profiles were positively correlated with variations in PK abundance, suggesting their potential functions in PK biosynthesis. Conclusions The eight candidate genes encoding a novel double bond reductase related to perilla ketone biosynthesis were identified in P. frutescens, which carries similar sequences and molecular features as the MpPR and NtPR from Nepeta tenuifolia and Mentha piperita, respectively. These findings not only reveal the pivotal roles of PfDBR in exploring and interpreting PK biological pathway but also contribute to facilitating future studies on this DBR protein family.

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The revealing of a novel double bond reductase related to perilla ketone biosynthesis in Perilla frutescens

Zhou

Shao

Jiang

et al. 2023

BMC Plant Biol

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Petitgreine essential oil of <i>Citrus limon</i> (L.) Osbeck varieties and hybrids when growing in wet subtropic conditions

Plygatar¹,

Шевчук²,

Sabekia³

et al. 2021

Bûlletenʹ Gosudarstvennogo Nikitskogo botaničeskogo sada

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The article presents data on the content and composition of petitgrain essential oil of six varieties and hybrids of lemon growing in open ground in a humid subtropical climate (Republic of Abkhazia): Citrus limon (L.) Osbeck'Odishi', C. limon 'Large-fruited', hybrids C. limon 24517 and 31375, small-fruited limetta ( Citrus limetta Risso) and sweet lemon ( C. limetta 'Chontipico'). The leaves of the studied varieties contain from 0,18 to 0,42% of essential oil (wet weight) straw-colored with lemon aroma. In the essential oil of the 'Large-fruited' variety, hybrid 24517 and small-fruited lime, citral isomers and D-limonene predominate, which cause a pronounced lemon aroma of the oil. The 'Odishi' essential oil has a lemon-pink aroma with floral notes, which is explained by the predominance of citronellal and citronelol in it. Sweet lemon petitgrain oil has similar floral notes, with linalool and citronellal as the major components. A mixed lemon-floral-woody aroma is possessed by the essential oil from the leaves of hybrid 31375, in which, in addition to citral and linalool, sabinene is present. The 'Large-fruited' variety is characterized by the highest content (0,42%) and quality of petitgrain oil.

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Germination and seed quality of <i>Perilla frutescens</i> (L.) Britton during introduction in the Southern Coast of the Crimea

Кравченко¹,

Шевчук²

2022

Bûlletenʹ Gosudarstvennogo Nikitskogo botaničeskogo sada

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Morphological features were revealed and the seed quality of samples of shrubby perilla ( Perilla frutescens (L.) Britton) was determined when introduced to the Southern coast of the Crimea in a subtropical climate of the Mediterranean type. It is shown that samples of various geographical origin under the conditions of introduction undergo all cycles of development, are characterized by high variability of morphological parameters and aroma; form full-fledged seeds with high laboratory (79-92%) and field (75-90%) germination. The application of the X-ray method showed that the seeds have a high degree of completion (57-95%), correlated with germination. The mass of 1000 seeds of the studied samples varies from 1.25 to 1.86 g. The use of light microscopy methods allowed us to study the size, shape, color and surface pattern of the seeds, and to establish that the length of the seeds of shrubby perilla of its own reproduction varies within 1.44-2.23 mm, width - 1.33-1.89 mm. It was found that the seeds of the studied samples have a similar plan of structure: they are characterized by a rounded or oval shape, the surface of the shell has a cellular structure, is colored brown in various shades.

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Isoegomaketone chemotype of Perilla frutescens var. nankinensis (Lour.) Britton

Cited by 3 publications

References 5 publications

The revealing of a novel double bond reductase related to perilla ketone biosynthesis in Perilla frutescens

The revealing of a novel double bond reductase related to perilla ketone biosynthesis in Perilla frutescens

Petitgreine essential oil of <i>Citrus limon</i> (L.) Osbeck varieties and hybrids when growing in wet subtropic conditions

Germination and seed quality of <i>Perilla frutescens</i> (L.) Britton during introduction in the Southern Coast of the Crimea

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