“…With regard to possible difficulties especially in products having undergone strong processing technologies, at present there are several analytical techniques available which can be used to identify fish species and the scientific progress is continuous in this field: electrophoresis methods, like IEF (Ataman, Çelik, & Rehbein, 2006;Berrini, Tepedino, Borromeo, & Secchi, 2006;Esteve-Romero, Malmheden Yman, Bossi, & Righetti, 1996;Renon, Bernardi, Malandra, & Biondi, 2005), even followed by specific enzyme staining (Piñeiro, Barros-Velasquez, Pérez-Martin & Gallardo, 2000), SDS-PAGE (Piñeiro et al, 1999) and 2-D electrophoresis (Ataman et al, 2006;Berrini et al, 2006;Martinez & Jakobsen Friis, 2004;Sotelo, Piñeiro, Gallardo & Pérez-Martin, 1992), also combined with mass spectrometry (Piñeiro, Vazquez, Marina, Barros-Velasquez, & Gallardo, 2001); chromatography, such as HPLC (Armstrong, Leach, & Wyllie, 1992;Knuutinen & Harjula, 1998); immunological techniques, such as ELISA (Asensio, Gonzalez, Garcia, & Martin, 2008;Asensio et al, 2003;Cespedes et al, 1999;Taylor, Patel, & Jones, 1994) and western blotting (Lopata, Luijx, Fenemore, Sweijd, & Cook, 2002;Ochiai & Watanabe, 2003); biomolecular methods, such as RAPD (Bossier, 1999;Liu, Li, Argue, & Dunham, 1999;Partis & Wells, 1996), AFLP (Bossier, 1999;Zhang, Wang, & Cai, 2007), sequencing (Bernardi, Colombo, & Cantoni, 2005;Inoue, Miya, Tsukamoto, & Nishida, 2001;Jerôme, Lemaire, Bautista, Fleurence, & Etienne, 2003;Kyle & Wilson, 2007;Manchado, Catanese, & Infante, 2004;…”