Isokinetic Load Range During Shoulder Rotation Exercise in Elite Male Junior Tennis Players

Brown, Lee E.; Whitehurst, Michael; Findley, Brian W.; Gilbert, Russ; Buchalter, David N.

doi:10.1519/1533-4287(1995)009<0160:ilrdsr>2.3.co;2

Cited by 16 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…Therefore, since machine-offered resistance during exercise on an isoki--netic dynamometer requires velocity attainment, it follows that the potential for strength gains from such an exercise, via muscular overload, may be proportional to the total amount of range of motion (ROM) actually sustained at the predetermined isdki- netic velocity. The concept described above as external machine resistance encountered through sustained velocity within a defined ROM is hereafter referred to as load range (4).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Historically, load range has been investigated during unilateral knee extension (1 1,17,21), bilateral knee extension/flexion with coupled limbs (1 6), and shoulder external/internal rotation (4). Each of these studies was consistent in reporting an inverse relationship between load range and velocity, yet the primary focus of these investigations was load range, with little concern for the impact of the acceleration and deceleration components.…”

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confidence: 99%

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The Effect of Velocity and Gender on Load Range During Knee Extension and Flexion Exercise on an Isokinetic Device

Brown¹,

Whitehurst²,

Gilbert³

et al. 1995

J Orthop Sports Phys Ther

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Exercise on an isokinetic device involves three primary components (12,17) : acceleration, sustained velocity, and deceleration. Acceleration is popularly defined in the literature as an individual's ability to "catch" the dynamometer (5,ll). The "catch" results as velocity is attained, and resistance is encountered to restrict further acceleration. Free limb acceleration experiences no external machine resistance, yet encounters resistance through the weight of the limb and the dynamometer attachment and the inertial torques caused by acceleration of their masses. Mechanical deceleration, as opposed to an antagonistic muscle eccentric contraction, offers resistance while the dynamometer decreases speed, yet it ceases to be isokinetic and is not directly governed by the clinician nor . -quantifiable as torque produced under controlled isokinetic conditions. Therefore, since machine-offered resistance during exercise on an isoki--netic dynamometer requires velocity attainment, it follows that the potential for strength gains from such an exercise, via muscular overload, may be proportional to the total amount of range of motion (ROM) actually sustained at the predetermined isdki-

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confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Velocity and Gender on Load Range During Knee Extension and Flexion Exercise on an Isokinetic Device

Brown¹,

Whitehurst²,

Gilbert³

et al. 1995

J Orthop Sports Phys Ther

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“…Even though overhead actions such as throwing can reach speeds up to 7200°/s, especially in sports performance [4], we tested at 60°/s in order to avoid a large load range reduction during isokinetic testing, thereby significantly decreasing the total ROM available for analysis [25][26][27]. Brown et al [26] have shown that very fast isokinetic velocities significantly affect torque patterns.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Angle Specific Analysis of Side-to-Side Asymmetry in the Shoulder Rotators

Ruas

Pinto

Cadore

et al. 2015

Sports

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Abstract:Although side-to-side asymmetry of the shoulder rotators calculated by independent peak torque (IPT) has been used for interpretation of injury risks in athletes, it may not measure strength through the entire range of motion (ROM) tested. The aim of this study was to compare side-to-side asymmetry of the shoulder rotators between independent peak torque (IPT) and ten-degree angle specific torque (AST). Twenty healthy adult males (24.65 ± 2.4 years) performed concentric and eccentric internal rotation (IR) and external rotation (ER) of the preferred and non-preferred arms on an isokinetic dynamometer at 60°/s through 150° of total ROM. The total ROM was divided into 14 ten-degree angles of the physiological ROM from −90° of ER to 60° of IR. Concentric and eccentric IR IPT (10.5% ± 8.7% and 12.1% ± 7.2%) and ER IPT (13.6% ± 9.8% and 8.7% ± 5.6%) were significantly less than AST at several angles (p < 0.05). IPT might lead to erroneous interpretations of side-to-side asymmetry in the shoulder rotators and does not represent the entire ROM tested. This information could be used to prescribe strength exercises to enhance overhead performance and reduce risk of shoulder injuries.

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“…However, isokinetic dynamometer repetitions do not occur at the target velocity at the beginning and ending of every repetition [15,16]; the isokinetic portion of each repetition is known as the load range. Furthermore, the appropriate measurement of biometrics such as electromyographic and mechanomyographic signals requires the use of range of motion (ROM) windows.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, it may be problematic to relate an instantaneous value such as peak torque (PT) to another measurement that was taken over a window of time. However, measuring torque variables over each repetition's full range of motion (ROM) will contain information from non-target velocities [15,16]. Some researchers have made an effort to ensure that they only measure isokinetic data by analyzing data that lies within the load range.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methodological Differences in the Interpretation of Fatigue Data from Repeated Maximal Effort Knee Extensions

Ciccone¹,

Deckert²,

Herda³

et al. 2017

TOSSJ

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Isokinetic Load Range During Shoulder Rotation Exercise in Elite Male Junior Tennis Players

Cited by 16 publications

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The Effect of Velocity and Gender on Load Range During Knee Extension and Flexion Exercise on an Isokinetic Device

The Effect of Velocity and Gender on Load Range During Knee Extension and Flexion Exercise on an Isokinetic Device

Angle Specific Analysis of Side-to-Side Asymmetry in the Shoulder Rotators

Methodological Differences in the Interpretation of Fatigue Data from Repeated Maximal Effort Knee Extensions

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