Isokinetic Load Range During Shoulder Rotation Exercise in Elite Male Junior Tennis Players

Brown, Lee E.; Whitehurst, Michael; Findley, Brian W.; Gilbert, Russ; Buchalter, David N.

doi:10.1519/00124278-199508000-00007

Cited by 9 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…However, slower test speeds allow a more sensitive assessment of this ratio [3,16]. Additionally, the large ROM involved in the acceleration/ deceleration phases of high speed isokinetic tests result in a low load range affecting torque patterns [21][22][23], and interpretive misinterpretations of IPT CR and DCR.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Specific joint angle assessment of the shoulder rotators

Ruas

Pinto

Hafenstine

et al. 2014

IES

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BACKGROUND: Independent peak torque (IPT) ratios may lead to misinterpretation of shoulder rotator imbalances. OBJECTIVE: To compare shoulder rotator IPT conventional ratio (CR) and dynamic control ratio (DCR) with ten-degree angle specific torque (AST) CR and DCR. METHODS: Twenty healthy adult males (24.65 ± 2.4 yrs) performed concentric (C) and eccentric (E) internal rotation (IR) and external rotation (ER) of the right shoulder on an isokinetic dynamometer at 60 • /s and 180 • /s through 150 • of ROM. RESULTS: IPT DCR was significantly different than AST DCR at several angles at both test speeds. IPT CR were not significantly different than any AST CR at either speed. The last 3 ten degree AST DCR were also compared. AST DCR was significantly different at two angles at 60 • /s and at three angles at 180 • /s. CONCLUSION: DCR analysis should use a ten degree AST interpretative approach in order to avoid erroneous interpretations of shoulder rotator strength imbalances. IPT ratio tests should only be used to calculate CR.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Specific joint angle assessment of the shoulder rotators

Ruas

Pinto

Hafenstine

et al. 2014

IES

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“…2). The load range, defined by Brown et al [34], is the range of motion in which individuals are able to sustain the isokinetic velocity, starting when subjects reached 95% of the preselected test angular velocity (60 • .s −1 ) and ending when it decayed below this level [35]. The root mean square (RMS) of the individual bursts were estimated and then mean RMS values of the eight repetitions was used as reference for test amplitude.…”

Section: Signal Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reliability of normalized surface electromyographic signals of maximal upper-body isokinetic strength

Rocha-Junior

Bottaro

Pereira

et al. 2015

IES

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BACKGROUND: Normalization in surface electromyography (SEMG) has been the object of numerous investigations. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability of normalized SEMG amplitude, as well as the reliability of different normalization coefficients during isokinetic upper-body strength assessment. METHODS: Thirteen male subjects performed a maximal isokinetic elbow flexion test and test-retest separated by 5 to 7 days. Three normalization coefficients were extracted from the tests: 1) mean value of the rectified SEMG signal (MeanTask); 2) peak value of the rectified SEMG signal (PeakTask); 3) maximal value of the rectified SEMG signal of the peak torque repetition (Isokinetic-specMVC). These normalization coefficients, as well as the root mean square value (RMS) of the signal before and after normalization by described coefficients (RMS-MeanTask; RMS-PeakTask; RMS-Isokinetic-specMVC) were evaluated in terms of absolute and relative reliability. RESULTS: None of the normalization coefficients presented acceptable levels of absolute reliability (bias range in limits of agreement greater than 27%). However MeanTask and Isokinetic-specMVC presented good levels of relative reliability (ICC > 0.80). RMS-MeanTask was the only amplitude parameter that demonstrated satisfactory indices of absolute (bias range lower than 5% and CV < 1.50%) and relative (ICC > 0.80) reliability. CONCLUSIONS: Normalizing SEMG amplitude by MeanTask is a reasonable strategy to reduce day-to-day amplitude discrepancies during isokinetic upper-body strength assessment. measure maximal force production [1][2][3][4]. In this context, isokinetic dynamometry and surface electromyography (SEMG) are generally used to investigate physiological mechanisms involved in skeletal muscle activity during maximal torque production [5][6][7][8][9]. The combination of these tools is also convenient and frequently applied to elucidate the acute and chronic effects of training on performance [10]. ISSN 0959-3020/15/$35.00 c 2015 -IOS Press and the authors. All rights reserved 8 V.A. Rocha-Júnior et al. / Reliability of normalized SEMG signals of maximal upper-body isokinetic strength

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“…A basic requisite of isokinetic testing is to record force output at a constant movement velocity, that may range from 0–500°/s depending on the device [ 7 ]. However, angular velocities above 180°/s have been discouraged when assessing isokinetic strength during concentric actions because the range of motion under a constant velocity is very small and this may compromise the accuracy of the measurement [ 8 ]. The two velocities most commonly used during isokinetic testing procedures are 60 and 180°/s [ 9 , 10 , 11 ], which have been suggested to reveal the maximal capacities of the muscles to produce force and power, respectively [ 12 , 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isokinetic Testing: Sensitivity of the Force-Velocity Relationship Assessed through the Two-Point Method to Discriminate between Muscle Groups and Participants’ Physical Activity Levels

Janićijević

Knežević

García-Ramos

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Background: Isokinetic testing has been routinely used to assess the capacities of individual muscle groups. In this study we aimed to evaluate the sensitivity of the force-point (F-v) relationship assessed through the two-point method to discriminate between antagonist muscle groups and males with different physical activity levels. Methods: The concentric force output of the knee, hip, elbow, and shoulder flexors and extensors of 27 active and 13 non-active men was recorded at 60 and 180°/s to determine the F-v relationship parameters (maximum force [F0], maximum velocity [v0], and maximum power [Pmax]). Results: F0 and Pmax were higher for knee extensors (effect size [ES] = 1.97 and 0.57, respectively), hip extensors (ES = 2.52 and 0.77, respectively), and shoulder flexors (ES = 1.67 and 0.83, respectively) compared to their antagonist muscles, while v0 was higher for knee flexors compared to knee extensors (ES = 0.59). Active males revealed higher F0 for knee extensors (ES = 0.72) and knee flexors (ES = 0.83) and higher Pmax for knee flexors (ES = 0.70), elbow extensors (ES = 0.83) and shoulder extensors (ES = 0.36). Conclusions: The sensitivity of the two-point method for testing the maximal mechanical capacities was high for the knee, moderate for the hip and shoulder, and low for the elbow joint.

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Isokinetic Load Range During Shoulder Rotation Exercise in Elite Male Junior Tennis Players

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Specific joint angle assessment of the shoulder rotators

Specific joint angle assessment of the shoulder rotators

Reliability of normalized surface electromyographic signals of maximal upper-body isokinetic strength

Isokinetic Testing: Sensitivity of the Force-Velocity Relationship Assessed through the Two-Point Method to Discriminate between Muscle Groups and Participants’ Physical Activity Levels

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