Isolated cardiac sarcoidosis: Clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment

Sarcoidosis is a systemic, granulomatous disease of unknown etiology. Cardiac involvement in the course of sarcoidosis occurs in 5% of patients. However, about 25% of patient with systemic/pulmonary sarcoidosis might present with asymptomatic myocardial injury. The main manifestations of cardiac sarcoidosis are conduction abnormalities, ventricular arrhythmias and heart failure. Diagnosis of cardiac sarcoidosis remains a challenge for physicians. Treatment should be introduced at the time of diagnosis to prevent potentially lethal progression of cardiac disease. Steroids are the first drugs of choice. Additional anti-sarcoidosis agents are used as alternatives or to reduce the steroids dose. Some patients require implantation of a cardioverter-defibrillator for the prevention of sudden cardiac death. Patients with refractory ventricular tachyarrhythmia or severe, intractable heart failure unresponsive to optimal pharmacotherapy, require heart transplantation. Prognosis in cardiac sarcoidosis is highly variable, dependent on location and severity of heart involvement. This article reviews current diagnostic and therapeutic recommendations for cardiac sarcoidosis. JRCD 2017; 3 (2): 37-43

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“…CS may be the first manifestation of sarcoidosis [8]. Several cases of isolated CS have also been reported [8][9][10].…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 98%

“…In addition, imaging studies have found heart involvement in 3,7%-54,9% of patients with extra-cardiac sarcoidosis [6]. CS may be the first manifestation of sarcoidosis [8]. Several cases of isolated CS have also been reported [8][9][10].…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiac sarcoidosis – management and prognosis (RCD code: III-3A.3)

Błaut-Jurkowska

Kaźnica-Wiatr²,

Knap³

et al. 2017

Journal of Rare Cardiovascular Diseases

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“…Viruses (herpes, Epstein-Barr, retrovirus, coxsackie B virus, and cytomegalovirus), Borrelia burgdorferi, Propionibacterium acnes, Mycobacterium tuberculosis and other mycobacteria, Mycoplasma orale, beryllium, aluminum, zirconium, clay, talc, hairspray, pine tree pollen, peanut dust, mineral oil, and drugs (e.g. sulfonamide or methotrexate) can induce granuloma formation in genetically-predisposed individuals with abnormal immune responses (8,(18)(19)(20)(21)(22). The variability of disease presentation (pattern of disease, severity, and prognosis) among different races and in individuals with specific HLA sub-types and the presence of some familial clusters indicate a genetic susceptibility for sarcoidosis (5,23,24).…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Sarcoidosis and the heart: A review of the literature

İpek

Demirelli

Ermis

et al. 2015

IRDR

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“…На основании анализа чувствительности и специ-фичности различных методов диагностики предло-жен алгоритм обследования больных с подозрением на саркоидоз сердца [15]. В соответствии с этим алго-ритмом для исключения вовлечения в патологиче-ский процесс сердца у больных с верифицированным экстракардиальным саркоидозом следует опираться на данные анамнеза, физикального обследования, результаты электрокардиографии, в том числе холте-ровского мониторирования, а также параметры эхо-кардиографического исследования.…”

unclassified

“…Вместе с тем, назначение стероидной терапии увеличи-вает выживаемость больных с саркоидозом сердца, в осо-бенности имеющих фракцию выброса более 50% [15]. Снижение чувствительности к иммуносупрессивной терапии у больных с тяжелыми нарушениями глобаль-ной сократительной способности свидетельствует о трансформации активного гранулематозного процесса в необратимый миокардиальный фиброз, определяю-щий исход заболевания.…”

unclassified