Isolated epithelioid cells from disaggregated BCG granulomas—an ultrastructural study

Williams, Gareth

doi:10.1002/path.1711360102

Cited by 20 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Mature epithelioid cells possess many cytoplasmic organelles and Golgi complexes forming Golgi lamellae, endoplasmic organelles, and mitochondria, as noted in several previous studies (5,6). Nevertheless, the basic ultrastructural features that distinguish epithelioid cells from others have yet to be determined, possibly due to their morphological heterogeneity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

“…EC-I, EC-II, and EC-III would thus differ according to the stage of granuloma development andlor macrophage differentiation. Ultrastructural analysis of clinical and experimental granulomas in humans and animals has indicated features representative of various stages of macrophage andlor epithelioid cell development Several previous studies (5,6) have indicated two types of epithelioid cells, plasmacytoid and fibroblast-like (vesicular cells). However, some workers (9) doubt the reality of these two types.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Plasmacytoid cell features similar to those observed here have been noted in granuloma induced by MDP (muramyl dipeptide) (2). Williams (6) considered plasmacytoid cells to possibly be secretory cells and more mature than vesicular cells (fibroblast-like cells). Differences of phagocytic ability between plasmacytoid and phagocytic fibroblast-like epithelioid cells should be clarified in greater detail.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The precursors of such macrophages may be circulating monocytes, which differentiate during the course of their migra-tion into tissue (4). Ultrastructural observation (5,6) has been extensively conducted on epithelioid cells in humans and animals and the features of their highly developed rough endoplasmic reticulum (rER) and Golgi apparatus have been considerably clarified. However, important structural aspects remain unclear because of morphological heterogeneity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electron Microscopic Observations of Epithelioid Cell Granulomas Experimentally Induced by Prototheca in the Skin of Mice

Horiuchi

Masuzawa

1995

The Journal of Dermatology

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Electron microscopic analysis was conducted on epithelioid cell granulomas experimentally induced by prototheca in the skin of mice. In BALB/c mice, epithelioid cell granulomas were easily induced. Each cell had a round nucleus with euchromatin on the margin, abundant cytoplasmic organelles, and particularly abundant rough endoplasmic reticulum (rER). Cells with a plasmacytoid appearance were the most common. Fibroblast-like epithelioid cells were sometimes observed. The whole body and cell membrane of an organism was usually within the cytoplasm of epithelioid cell. In ICR mice, epithelioid cell granulomas were not easily induced. Cells which had ingested whole organisms had spindle shaped and/or oval nuclei with marginated heterochromatin and with abundant dilated rER. Near completion of organism digestion, the cells had irregular and/or indented nuclei with marginated heterochromatin and often one or two distinct nucleoli. The cytoplasm was often replaced with numerous phagocytic vacuoles. At higher magnification, secondary lysosomes and Golgi complexes forming Golgi lamellae could be seen in the cells in which cytoplasmic organelles such as endoplasmic organelles and mitochondria were abundantly present. In contrast to the BALB/c mice, the remnants of digested organisms, split up into many small pieces, could be seen in the cytoplasm. The cells with a fibroblast-like appearance were most frequent, but plasmacytoid cells were sometimes observed. In the present study, the ultrastructural features of epithelioid cells in BALB/c and ICR mice clearly differed. Plasmacytoid cells were the most abundant in BALB/c mice, while fibroblast-like cells were in ICR mice.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Electron Microscopic Observations of Epithelioid Cell Granulomas Experimentally Induced by Prototheca in the Skin of Mice

Horiuchi

Masuzawa

1995

The Journal of Dermatology

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Ultrastructural Heterogeneity of Epithelioid Cells in Cutaneous Organized Granulomas of Diverse Etiology

Epstein¹

1991

Arch Dermatol

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In organized granulomatous inflammation, activated macrophages terminally differentiate into epithelioid cells (ECs). By light microscopy, individual ECs appear similar, irrespective of the inciting agent. Ultrastructural analysis of a number of clinical and experimental granulomas in man and mice reveals, however, three distinct varieties of these cells. They are classified as follows: (1) EC-I cells containing a mixture of lysosomal-dense bodies and phagolysosomes and arrays of rough endoplasmic reticulum in the cytoplasm; (2) EC-II cells showing primarily a secretory mode with prominent Golgi bodies and rich arrangement of dilated rough endoplasmic reticulum with no phagocytic vacuoles; and (3) EC-III cells containing large multisized vesicles crowded throughout the cytoplasm and presently of unknown function. Although the unique appearance of these cells offers little diagnostic help, the cells do distribute differentially in different granulomas. The EC-I cells tend to predominate in infectious granulomas and where an excess of foreign material and debris is present. The EC-II cells are most characteristic of active sarcoidal granulomas, and the EC-III cells appear in chronic, long-standing granulomas. The heterogeneic nature of these cells seems to suggest their functions in granulomatous inflammation are not always the same.

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Experimental epithelioid cell granulomas tubercle formation and immunological competence: An ultrastructural analysis

Ridley

Heather

Brown

et al. 1983

The Journal of Pathology

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An ultrastructural study of the cells comprising tubercles in experimental mycobacterial granulomas in rats is presented. Tubercle formation was compared in: (1) primary infections due to BCG at 49 days, (2) reinfection with BCG at 7 days, 8 months after primary infection and (3) lesions due to preformed BCG/anti-BCG complexes in antibody excess in unprimed animals at 10 days. The most rapid elimination of antigen with resolution of the lesion in the reinfection lesions, was effected by the early recruitment of cells morphologically characteristic of activated macrophages and immature epithelioid cells. The next best performance was in the immune complex lesion which at its height was maintained by a roughly constant size due to promonocytes, monocytes, macrophages, activated macrophages and immature epithelioid cells accumulated at the site. True epithelioid cells were rare. The slowest rate of healing in the primary 49 day granulomas, was associated with the whole spectrum of mononuclear phagocyte series of cells. All granulomas were surrounded by a cuff of mixed lymphocytes, interdigitating cells and fibroblasts. The rapid resolution of the reinfection lesions appeared as a loosely compacted infiltration of cells which allowed intimate contact of lymphocytes and macrophages. This was distinct from the tightly compared and compartmentalised zones of lymphocytes and macrophages which inhibited contact in the most slowly resolving lesions. An intermediate arrangement was seen in the immune complex granuloma. Another factor which predisposed to rapid resolution was the high vascularity of the central region of the granulomas. In the slow resolving group vascularity was diminished and peripherally situated.

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Isolated epithelioid cells from disaggregated BCG granulomas—an ultrastructural study

Cited by 20 publications

References 15 publications

Electron Microscopic Observations of Epithelioid Cell Granulomas Experimentally Induced by Prototheca in the Skin of Mice

Electron Microscopic Observations of Epithelioid Cell Granulomas Experimentally Induced by Prototheca in the Skin of Mice

Ultrastructural Heterogeneity of Epithelioid Cells in Cutaneous Organized Granulomas of Diverse Etiology

Experimental epithelioid cell granulomas tubercle formation and immunological competence: An ultrastructural analysis

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