Isolated Pulmonary Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis in a Child

Abstract

A 4-year-old boy presented with a history of chronic cough for the past 1 year that was progressing for the last 2 weeks. History of intermittent fever with breathlessness was there. The child had received antibiotics, nebulization, and oral steroids, but was never prescribed inhaled steroids, as no wheeze was documented. As the X-ray chest was not showing any significant findings, a computerized tomography chest was done that showed septal thickening, and reticulonodular pattern bilaterally without bronchiectasis or mediastinal lymphadenopathy. Bronchoscopy was done and the lavage fluid found CD1a and S-100-positive cells suggestive of pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis. There was no other organ involvement.