Isolated structures in two-dimensional optical superlattice

Abstract

Overlaying commensurate optical lattices with various configurations called superlattices can lead to exotic lattice topologies and, in turn, a discovery of novel physics. In this study, by overlapping the maxima of lattices, a new isolated structure is created, while the interference of minima can generate various "sublattice" patterns. Three different kinds of primitive lattices are used to demonstrate isolated square, triangular, and hexagonal "sublattice" structures in a twodimensional optical superlattice, the patterns of which can be manipulated dynamically by tuning the polarization, frequency, and intensity of laser beams. In addition, we propose the method of altering the relative phase to adjust the tunneling amplitudes in "sublattices." Our configurations provide unique opportunities to study particle entanglement in "lattices" formed by intersecting wells and to implement special quantum logic gates in exotic lattice geometries.

Asymmetric population of momentum distribution by quasi-periodically driving a triangular optical lattice

“…Our experimental demonstration is carried out in a 2D triangular lattice, where we could give a clearer definition of the population difference. The experimental setup is similar to our previous work [34,35]. The lattice potential is created by three intersecting 1064 nm laser beams with 120°enclosing angle, which are linearly polarized perpendicular to the lattice plane.…”