Isolates, antimicrobial susceptibility profiles and multidrug resistance of bacteria cultured from samples collected from sheep in New Zealand (2003–2016)

Riley, Christopher B.; Pfeffer, H; Maclachlan, Catherine; Wakeford, L; Gibson, IR; Benschop, Jackie; Lawrence, K.E.

doi:10.1080/00480169.2020.1789517

Cited by 1 publication

(3 citation statements)

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“…The total level of MDR (42.6%) was double that reported for a contemporary studies of AMR and MDR in New Zealand beef and preproduction dairy cattle (20.7%) and sheep (20.5%), and 60% greater than the rate for mixed bacterial infections in New Zealand equine neonates (26%) [ 25 , 26 , 43 ]. Although antimicrobial use practices were not documented in the current study, there is evidence that the oral administration of antimicrobials, as commonly practiced within the pork industry, may be a significant risk factor for AMR and MDR for bacteria recovered from pigs [ 5 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

“…The distribution of isolates was biased towards bacterial pathogens associated with enteric disease, respiratory disease, meningitis and sudden death [ 15 , 23 , 24 ]. Although the size of the study population was small, the percentage of isolates expressing MDR was generally higher than that recently reported for other farm animal species in New Zealand [ 25 , 26 ]. The limited number of sample submissions from this population is at odds with estimates of antimicrobial sales in the pork industry, indicating that, in common with other industry sectors, factors other than culture and susceptibility results are the main drivers of antimicrobial use in New Zealand [ 4 , 27 , 28 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

“…Although fewer than 20% of isolates from 13% of submissions were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility, these rates are markedly higher than those reported in contemporary New Zealand studies of beef and preproduction cattle (9.2% and 6.6% respectively), and sheep (5.3% and 2.5% respectively) [ 26 ]. A recent report in the New Zealand dairy industry showed that 21% of veterinarians utilise susceptibility testing, but it is unclear if this corresponds with the number of submissions for bacterial culture [ 28 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Isolates, Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profiles and Multidrug Resistance of Bacteria Cultured from Pig Submissions in New Zealand

Riley

Chidgey

Bridges

et al. 2020

Animals

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Data on the scope of bacterial pathogens present and the frequency of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in New Zealand’s pigs are limited. This study describes bacterial isolates, antimicrobial susceptibility data, and multidrug resistance (MDR; resistance to ≥3 antimicrobial classes) from New Zealand pig submissions. Porcine test data from June 2003 to February 2016 were obtained from commercial veterinary pathology laboratory records. In total, 470/477 unique submissions resulted in bacterial growth, yielding 779 isolates. Sample type was recorded for 360/477 (75.5%); lung (79/360; 21.9%), faecal (61/360; 16.9%) and intestinal (45/360; 12.5%) were most common. The most common isolates were Escherichia coli (186/779, 23.9%), Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (43/779; 5.5%), Streptococcus suis (43/779; 5.5%), unidentified Campylobacter spp. (38/779; 4.9%), alpha haemolytic Streptococci (32/779; 4.1%), coagulase negative Staphylococcus spp. (26/779; 3.3%), and Pasteurella multocida (25/779; 3.2%). Susceptibility results were available for 141/779 (18.1%) isolates from 62/470 (13.2%) submissions. Most were susceptible to trimethoprim-sulphonamide (75/81; 92.6%), but fewer were susceptible to penicillin (37/77; 48.1%), tilmicosin (18/43; 41.9%), or tetracyclines (41/114; 36.0%). No susceptibility data were available for Salmonella spp., Campylobacter spp., or Yersinia spp. isolates. MDR was present in 60/141 (42.6%) isolates. More data on sample submission drivers, antimicrobial drug use, and susceptibilities of important porcine bacterial isolates are required to inform guidelines for prudent antimicrobial use, to reduce their prevalence, human transmission, and to minimise AMR and MDR.

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