Isolation, Activation, and Mechanism of Action of Platelet-Rich Plasma and Its Applications for Joint Repair

Sánchez, Mikel; Beitia, Maider; Pompei, Orlando; Jorquera, Cristina; Sánchez, Pello; Knörr, Jorge; Soldado, Francisco; Bermejo, Laura M.; Oraa, Jaime; Bilbao, Ane Miren; Fiz, Nicolás; Guadilla, Jorge; Aizpurua, Beatriz; Azofra, Juan; Delgado, Diego

doi:10.5772/intechopen.90543

Cited by 12 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 98 publications

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“…PRP contains high levels of biomolecules that participate in different biological processes that favouring cellular repair. 7 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PRP contains high levels of biomolecules that participate in different biological processes that favouring cellular repair. 7 An increasing number of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) are being conducted to draw firm conclusions regarding the efficacy and safety of PRP, with promising results. 8 Although RCTs are the cornerstone of evidence-based medicine, their use for the study of PRP has certain limitations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Real-world evidence to assess the effectiveness of platelet-rich plasma in the treatment of knee degenerative pathology: a prospective observational study

Sánchez

Jorquera²,

Dicastillo

et al. 2022

Therapeutic Advances in Musculoskeletal

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Objective: The present work aims to analyse the effectiveness of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in degenerative knee pathology based on real-world data and to evaluate possible factors influencing the response to treatment. Methods: In total, 531 cases were analysed collecting data on gender, age, body mass index, pathology location, severity, number of cycles and route of administration. Clinical outcome was evaluated at 6 and 15 months after treatment, using the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) and obtaining percentages of Minimal Clinically Important Improvement (MCII). Blood and PRP samples were randomly tested as a quality control measure to ensure the correct properties. Comparative statistical tests and multivariate regression were performed for the analysis of the variables. Results: The PRP applied had a platelet concentration factor of 1.67, with no leukocytes or erythrocytes. The percentage of patients with MCII at 6 and 15 months after PRP application was 59.32% and 70.62%, respectively. Patients with MCII were younger ( p = 0.0246) and with lower body mass index ( p = 0.0450). The treatment had a better response in mild/moderate cases than in severe cases ( p = 0.0002). Intraosseous PRP application in severe cases improved the effect of intraarticular PRP ( p = 0.0358). The application of a second cycle of PRP only improved the response in patients without MCII at 6 months ( p = 0.0029), especially in mild/moderate cases ( p = 0.0357). Conclusion: The applications of PRP in degenerative knee pathologies is an effective treatment, but this effectiveness nonetheless depends on several variables. Real-world data can complement that from clinical trials to provide valuable information.

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“…PRP contains high levels of biomolecules that participate in different biological processes that favouring cellular repair. 7 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-world evidence to assess the effectiveness of platelet-rich plasma in the treatment of knee degenerative pathology: a prospective observational study

Sánchez

Jorquera²,

Dicastillo

et al. 2022

Therapeutic Advances in Musculoskeletal

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“…These proteins were found to promote the formation of extracellular matrix, cellular replication, angiogenesis, cell proliferation and differentiation [ 62 ]. Upon intra-articular injection of non-activated PRP into a defect, PRP can be activated by contact with local tissue factor [ 63 , 64 ].…”

Section: Platelet-rich Plasmamentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and Therapeutic Use of Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Platelets

Špaková

Janočková

Rosocha

2021

IJMS

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Autologous blood products, such as platelet-rich plasma (PRP), are gaining increasing interest in different fields of regenerative medicine. Although growth factors, the main components of PRP, are thought to stimulate reparation processes, the exact mechanism of action and main effectors of PRP are not fully understood. Plasma contains a high amount of extracellular vesicles (EVs) produced by different cells, including anucleated platelets. Platelet-derived EVs (PL-EVs) are the most abundant type of EVs in circulation. Numerous advantages of PL-EVs, including their ability to be released locally, their ease of travel through the body, their low immunogenicity and tumourigenicity, the modulation of signal transduction as well as the ease with which they can be obtained, has attracted increased attention n. This review focuses briefly on the biological characteristics and isolation methods of PL-EVs, including exosomes derived from platelets (PL-EXOs), and their involvement in the pathology of diseases. Evidence that shows how PL-EVs can be used as a novel tool in medicine, particularly in therapeutic and regenerative medicine, is also discussed in this review.

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“…Despite promising results and the increasing volume of research on PRP, there is still a need to better understand the mechanisms of action through which it carries out its work. However, it seems to be well established that many of the actions of PRP occur through the modulation of cellular activity [ 6 ]. Thus, numerous studies have shown that PRP stimulates cell proliferation, which is a key process in the treatment of pathologies that require cellular restoration of tissue, such as degenerative lesions and wound-healing processes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Action of Platelet-Rich Plasma on In Vitro Cellular Bioactivity: More than Platelets

Beitia¹,

Delgado²,

Mercader

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is a biological therapy in which one of the mechanisms of action is the stimulation of biological processes such as cell proliferation. The size of PRP’s effect depends on multiple factors, one of the most important being the composition of PRP. The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between cell proliferation and the levels of certain growth factors (IGF-1, HGF, PDGF, TGF-β and VEG) in PRP. First, the composition and effect on cell proliferation of PRP versus platelet-poor plasma (PPP) were compared. Subsequently, the correlation between each growth factor of PRP and cell proliferation was evaluated. Cell proliferation was higher in cells incubated with lysates derived from PRP compared to those cultured with lysates derived from PPP. In terms of composition, the levels of PDGF, TGF-β, and VEGF were significantly higher in PRP. When analyzing the PRP growth factors, IGF-1 was the only factor that correlated significantly with cell proliferation. Of those analyzed, the level of IGF-1 was the only one that did not correlate with platelet levels. The magnitude of PRP’s effect depends not only on platelet count but also on other platelet-independent molecules.

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Isolation, Activation, and Mechanism of Action of Platelet-Rich Plasma and Its Applications for Joint Repair

Cited by 12 publications

References 98 publications

Real-world evidence to assess the effectiveness of platelet-rich plasma in the treatment of knee degenerative pathology: a prospective observational study

Real-world evidence to assess the effectiveness of platelet-rich plasma in the treatment of knee degenerative pathology: a prospective observational study

Characterization and Therapeutic Use of Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Platelets

Action of Platelet-Rich Plasma on In Vitro Cellular Bioactivity: More than Platelets

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