Isolation and analysis of xlnR, encoding a transcriptional activator co‐ordinating xylanolytic expression in Aspergillus niger

Peij, Noël N. M. E. van; Visser, Jaap; Graaff, L.H. de

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.1998.00666.x

Cited by 290 publications

(242 citation statements)

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“…It is the first reported Trichoderma gene with activation properties. Furthermore, except for the glucose repressor cre1 and Aspergillus xylanase activator xlnR, which also affects expression of other hemicellulases and endoglucanases (40,41), no regulatory genes controlling expression of fungal cellulases have been described thus far.…”

Section: Table Imentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation of the ace1 Gene Encoding a Cys2-His2 Transcription Factor Involved in Regulation of Activity of the Cellulase Promoter cbh1of Trichoderma reesei

Saloheimo

Aro

Ilmén

et al. 2000

Journal of Biological Chemistry

185

148

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A genetic selection method was developed for the cloning of positive-acting transcriptional regulatory genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The method was applied for the isolation of activators of Trichoderma reesei (Hypocrea jecorina) cellulase genes. Activator genes were isolated from a T. reesei expression cDNA library on the basis of the ability of their translation products to activate transcription from the full-length T. reesei cbh1 promoter coupled to the S. cerevisiae HIS3 gene and to support the growth of the yeast colonies in the absence of histidine. Among the clones obtained was the ace1 gene encoding a novel polypeptide, ACEI, that contains three zinc finger motifs of Cys 2 -His 2 type. Possible ACEI homologues were found among expressed sequence tags of Aspergillus and Neurospora. The ability of ACEI to bind to the cbh1 promoter was further confirmed in the yeast one-hybrid system. In vitro binding and gel mobility shift assays revealed several binding sites for the ACEI protein in the cbh1 promoter. Disruption of the ace1 gene in T. reesei resulted in retarded growth of the fungus on a cellulose-containing medium, on which cellulases are normally highly expressed.The filamentous fungus Trichoderma reesei is well known for efficient production of cellulolytic enzymes and its powerful capacity to hydrolyze cellulose into glucose. It is an excellent cellulolytic model organism, and the cellulolytic system of T. reesei has become the best characterized among filamentous fungi in many respects. The enzymatic properties and threedimensional structures (1-4) of T. reesei cellulases, as well as the carbon source dependent regulation of cellulase gene expression (for a recent review, see Ref. 5), have been studied in detail by several groups. The activity of cellulase genes is controlled at the level of transcription: the genes are repressed in the presence of glucose and highly induced when cellulose, its derivatives, or certain oligosaccharides, such as sophorose, are present. Glucose repression is mediated by the CREI protein (6 -8), which has been shown to act directly on the promoter of the gene encoding the major cellulase cellobiohydrolase I (CBHI) (9). CREI also mediates repression of a number of other genes coding for enzymes involved in degradation of hemicellulose and cellulose (10). In addition to cre1, no other genes for transcription factors have been described in T. reesei. Based on the gene expression data, it can be concluded that a distinct induction pathway for cellulases must exist in T. reesei that is needed for high level transcription (11, 12), but the genes responsible for transcription activation are completely unknown. Furthermore, there is lack of knowledge about possible target sequences for cellulase-specific transcription activators from any filamentous fungi. The aim of this study was to identify genes encoding transcription activators involved in regulation of the activity of cellulase genes. For this purpose, we developed a genetic selection system that allowed us to isolat...

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Section: Table Imentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation of the ace1 Gene Encoding a Cys2-His2 Transcription Factor Involved in Regulation of Activity of the Cellulase Promoter cbh1of Trichoderma reesei

Saloheimo

Aro

Ilmén

et al. 2000

Journal of Biological Chemistry

185

148

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“…Regulation of the xylanolytic system is mediated by the transcriptional activator XLNR (van Peij et al, 1998b). XLNR regulates the expression of a number of genes involved in xylan degradation, such as those encoding b-xylosidase (xlnD), arabinoxylan arabinofuranohydrolase (axhA), a-glucuronidase (aguA) and D-xylose reductase (xyrA) (Hasper et al, 2000;van Peij et al, 1998a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and characterization of two specific regulatory Aspergillus niger mutants shows antagonistic regulation of arabinan and xylan metabolism

et al. 2003

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This paper describes two Aspergillus niger mutants (araA and araB) specifically disturbed in the regulation of the arabinanase system in response to the presence of L-arabinose. Expression of the three known L-arabinose-induced arabinanolytic genes, abfA, abfB and abnA, was substantially decreased or absent in the araA and araB strains compared to the wild-type when incubated in the presence of L-arabinose or L-arabitol. In addition, the intracellular activities of L-arabitol dehydrogenase and L-arabinose reductase, involved in L-arabinose catabolism, were decreased in the araA and araB strains. Finally, the data show that the gene encoding D-xylulose kinase, xkiA, is also under control of the arabinanolytic regulatory system. L-Arabitol, most likely the true inducer of the arabinanolytic and L-arabinose catabolic genes, accumulated to a high intracellular concentration in the araA and araB mutants. This indicates that the decrease of expression of the arabinanolytic genes was not due to lack of inducer accumulation. Therefore, it is proposed that the araA and araB mutations are localized in positive-acting components of the regulatory system involved in the expression of the arabinanase-encoding genes and the genes encoding the L-arabinose catabolic pathway.

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“…CreA is a well-known transcriptional repressor involved in carbon catabolite repression, that strongly suppresses cellulolytic enzyme production in Aspergillus species in the presence of glucose. [5][6][7][8] XlnR, a transcriptional regulator of xylanolytic enzyme genes, 9,10) positively regulates the expression of genes for cellulolytic enzymes in A. niger and A. oryzae, 11,12) but the regulatory mechanisms of cellulolytic enzyme genes in A. oryzae are very complex and not fully understood.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

ManR, a Transcriptional Regulator of the β-Mannan Utilization System, Controls the Cellulose Utilization System in Aspergillus oryzae

Ogawa

Kobayashi

Koyama

2013

Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry

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ManR, a DNA-binding protein possessing the Zn(II) 2 Cys 6 binuclear cluster domain, acts as a positive regulator of mannanolytic enzyme genes in Aspergillus oryzae. In this study, we found that ManR controlled the expression not only of mannanolytic enzyme genes but also of cellulolytic enzyme genes in A. oryzae, based on DNA microarray analysis of a manR-disruptant and a manR-overexpressing strain. A new model for the regulation of cellulase and hemicellulase genes mediated by ManR and XlnR in A. oryzae is proposed.

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Isolation and analysis of xlnR, encoding a transcriptional activator co‐ordinating xylanolytic expression in Aspergillus niger

Cited by 290 publications

References 43 publications

Isolation of the ace1 Gene Encoding a Cys2-His2 Transcription Factor Involved in Regulation of Activity of the Cellulase Promoter cbh1of Trichoderma reesei

Isolation of the ace1 Gene Encoding a Cys2-His2 Transcription Factor Involved in Regulation of Activity of the Cellulase Promoter cbh1of Trichoderma reesei

Isolation and characterization of two specific regulatory Aspergillus niger mutants shows antagonistic regulation of arabinan and xylan metabolism

ManR, a Transcriptional Regulator of the β-Mannan Utilization System, Controls the Cellulose Utilization System in <i>Aspergillus oryzae</i>

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