Isolation and characterisation of GLP‐1 7–36 amide from rat intestine Elevated levels in diabetic rats

Kreymann, B.; Yiangou, Y.; Kanse, Sandip M.; Williams, Gareth; Ghatei, Mohammed A.; Bloom, Stephen R.

doi:10.1016/0014-5793(88)81008-1

Cited by 48 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…This evolution accords with the increasing contents of GLP-1 in rat's and pig's gastrointestinal tissues during normal development (Kreymann et al 1991;Knapper et al 1995). In streptozocin-induced diabetic and in hypothermic rats, it was shown that nutrients are able to modulate the synthesis and release of GLP-1 (Jacobs et al 1988;Kreymann et al 1988;Brubaker et al 1989). Thus, dietary changes during the neonatal and weaning period can stimulate the formation and release of GLP-1.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

A stereologic evaluation of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) mucosal cells in the small intestine of the developing pig

et al. 2002

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Studies that investigate possible developmental changes in gastrointestinal hormones in the pig are sparse and contradictory. Therefore, a quantitative morphological study using stereologic methods on paraffin sections of the different small intestinal regions (cranial and caudal duodenum, jejunum and ileum) of the developing pig (second half of the gestation, neonatal and weaning period) has been conducted. The sections were processed for GLP-1-immunohistochemistry. During the investigated time span, the volume of GLP-1-IR cells increased approximately 40-fold in both the jejunum and ileum, notwithstanding a decrease of their volume density. The ileal small intestinal segment contained the highest volume density of GLP-1-IR cells. In contrast, GLP-1-IR cells were only occasionally encountered in the duodenum. The development-related changes of the investigated parameters coincide with dietary changes and the regional differences are in accordance with functional reports that point to GLP-1 as a gastrointestinal hormone that ediates the 'ileal brake' and stimulates glucose-dependent pancreatic insulin secretion.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

A stereologic evaluation of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) mucosal cells in the small intestine of the developing pig

et al. 2002

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“…Their average life span, excluding Paneth cells, is 2-4 days (6). The diabetic milieu may influence the number of stem cell-derived L cells as, in rodents, ␣-cell numbers and proglucagon expression increase in diabetes (2,28,29). The diabetic condition is also clearly responsible for increased plasma glucagon levels seen in T2DM, which again may be tied to the increased number of islet ␣-cells.…”

Section: Ajp-endocrinol Metabmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human duodenal enteroendocrine cells: source of both incretin peptides, GLP-1 and GIP

Theodorakis¹,

Carlson²,

Michopoulos³

et al. 2006

American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism

332

224

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Among the products of enteroendocrine cells are the incretins glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1, secreted by L cells) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP, secreted by K cells). These are key modulators of insulin secretion, glucose homeostasis, and gastric emptying. Because of the rapid early rise of GLP-1 in plasma after oral glucose, we wished to definitively establish the absence or presence of L cells, as well as the relative distribution of the incretin cell types in human duodenum. We confirmed the presence of proglucagon and pro-GIP genes, their products, and glucosensory molecules by tissue immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR of laser-captured, single duodenal cells. We also assayed plasma glucose, incretin, and insulin levels in subjects with normal glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes for 120 min after they ingested 75 g of glucose. Subjects with normal glucose tolerance ( n = 14) had as many L cells (15 ± 1), expressed per 1,000 gut epithelial cells, as K cells (13 ± 1), with some containing both hormones (L/K cells, 5 ± 1). In type 2 diabetes, the number of L and L/K cells was increased (26 ± 2; P < 0.001 and 9 ± 1; P < 0.001, respectively). Both L and K cells contained glucokinase and glucose transporter-1, -2, and -3. Newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic subjects had increased plasma GLP-1 levels between 20 and 80 min, concurrently with rising plasma insulin levels. Significant coexpression of the main incretin peptides occurs in human duodenum. L and K cells are present in equal numbers. New onset type 2 diabetes is associated with a shift to the L phenotype.

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“…In the -cell of the pancreas, the exact opposite occurs and GLP-1 (7-36)-NH2 is not a significant product. A recent dis¬ tribution study from our laboratory showed that the highest concentration of GLP-1 (7-36)-NH2 immunoreactivity is found in the terminal ileum (Kreymann, Yiangou, Kanse et al 1988), and that it is a physio¬ logically important incretin in man (Kreymann et al 1987).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (7–36)-NH2: a physiological inhibitor of gastric acid secretion in man

O’Halloran¹,

Nikou²,

Kreymann³

et al. 1990

Journal of Endocrinology

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Glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1 (7-36)-NH2 is a peptide found in the mucosal endocrine cells of the intestine, and plasma levels of GLP-1 (7-36)-NH2 immunoreactivity show a rise after the ingestion of a fat or mixed-component meal. We investigated the effects of physiological infusion of GLP-1 (7-36)-NH2 on a submaximal gastric acid secretion in healthy volunteers at a rate known to mimic the observed postprandial rise in plasma concentrations. Corrected gastric acid output decreased to less than 50% and volume output to 33% of stimulated values. After the infusion, the secretion of gastric acid recovered immediately to preinhibition values. These results suggest a novel role for GLP-1 (7-36)-NH2 as a physiological inhibitor of gastric acid secretion in man.

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Isolation and characterisation of GLP‐1 7–36 amide from rat intestine Elevated levels in diabetic rats

Cited by 48 publications

References 11 publications

A stereologic evaluation of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) mucosal cells in the small intestine of the developing pig

A stereologic evaluation of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) mucosal cells in the small intestine of the developing pig

Human duodenal enteroendocrine cells: source of both incretin peptides, GLP-1 and GIP

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (7–36)-NH2: a physiological inhibitor of gastric acid secretion in man

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