Isolation and characterization of a barley mutant with abscisic-acid-insensitive stomata

Raskin, Ilva; Ladyman, J. A. R.

doi:10.1007/bf00394490

Cited by 71 publications

(40 citation statements)

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“…The wilting behavior appears to reflect differences in stomatal physiology, since the stomatal density on mutant leaves is unchanged. This is not surprising, since mutants with an increased stomatal density are not wilty (Yang and Sack, 1993) and the ABA-insensitive "cool" mutant of barley is wilty despite a normal stomatal density (Raskin and Ladyman, 1988).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal Effects Govern Variable Dominance of Two Abscisic Acid Response Mutations in Arabidopsis thaliana

Finkelstein

1994

Plant Physiol.

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Three abscisic acid (ABA)-controlled responses (seed dormancy, inhibition of germination by applied ABA, and stomatal closure) were compared in wild-type versus homo-and heterozygotes of two Arabidopsis fhaliana ABA-insensitive mutants, abil and abi2.We found that sensitivity of seeds to applied ABA is partially maternally controlled but that seed dormancy is determined by the embryonic genotype. The effeds of the abil and abiZ mutations on ABA sensitivity of seed germination ranged from recessive to nearly fully dominant, depending on the parental source of the mutant allele. This maternal effect disappeared during vegetative growth. Stomatal regulation in heterozygotes showed substantial variability, but the average water loss was intermediate between that of homozygous mutants and wild type.The phytohormone ABA can regulate many processes in plant growth and development, including embryo maturation, seed dormancy, transpiration, and adaptation to environmental stresses (Zeevaart and Creelman, 1988). Genetic analyses, using either ABA biosynthetic or response mutants, have provided support for the view that ABA is the endogenous mediator for many, but not necessarily all, of these processes (reviewed by Finkelstein and Zeevaart, 1994). Two of the best-studied responses to ABA are induction of dormancy during seed development and stomatal closure during water stress. These are, respectively, representative of slow (>30 min) and fast (<5 min) responses, which have been proposed to act through different signal transduction pathways (Zeevaart and Creelman, 1988). As expected, ABA biosynthetic mutants are defective for both of these responses, producing nondormant (in some cases, viviparous) seeds and plants prone to excessive water loss, i.e. "wilty " (Koomneef, 1986). However, ABA response mutants may be defective in either or both of these responses. To date, only two classes of response mutants have been described that are both nondormant and wilty: the abil and abi2 mutants of Arabidopsis (Koomneef et al., 1984). Mutants at either of these two loci also show reduced sensitivity to exogenous ABA for the inhibition of germination. Since these mutations affect elements common to slow and fast response pathways, the A B l l and AB12 loci are thought to be central to ABA signaling. Consequently, these two genes are targets of molecular genetic studies aimed at cloning the genes and characterizing their biochemical function. DCB-9105241.We and others have undertaken extensive physiological and genetic characterization of these mutants (reviewed by Finkelstein and Zeevaart, 1994). Such studies should provide a biological context for future molecular studies of ABI gene function. In this paper we compare water loss, seed dormancy, and ABA inhibition of germination in wild type, homozygous mutants, and heterozygotes. We were surprised to find that, although originally characterized as dominant and recessive, respectively, the abil and abi2 mutations tested range from recessive to nearly fully dominant, depending on th...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal Effects Govern Variable Dominance of Two Abscisic Acid Response Mutations in Arabidopsis thaliana

Finkelstein

1994

Plant Physiol.

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“…In an early laboratory study for example, Raskin and Ladyman [62] isolated an ABA-insensitive "cool" mutant in barley, while both ABA synthesis and ABA-insensitivity genes have been isolated using similar approaches in Arabidopsis [22,24]. This early work provides the basis for extrapolation of thermal screening to the field.…”

Section: Screening For Drought and Salinitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Infra-Red Thermography as a High-Throughput Tool for Field Phenotyping

2014

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Abstract:The improvements in crop production needed to meet the increasing food demand in the 21st Century will rely on improved crop management and better crop varieties. In the last decade our ability to use genetics and genomics in crop science has been revolutionised, but these advances have not been matched by our ability to phenotype crops. As rapid and effective phenotyping is the basis of any large genetic study, there is an urgent need to utilise the recent advances in crop scale imaging to develop robust high-throughput phenotyping. This review discusses the use and adaptation of infra-red thermography (IRT) on crops as a phenotyping resource for both biotic and abiotic stresses. In particular, it addresses the complications caused by external factors such as environmental fluctuations and the difficulties caused by mixed pixels in the interpretation of IRT data and their effects on sensitivity and reproducibility for the detection of different stresses. Further, it highlights the improvements needed in using this technique for quantification of genetic variation and its integration with multiple sensor technology for development as a high-throughput and precise phenotyping approach for future crop breeding.

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“…Raskin and Ladyman, 1988) might also prove productive to identify ABA mutants. AAO3 encodes an aldehyde oxidase isoform, AOδ, that in conjunction with the sulfurylated MoCo form efficiently catalyzes the conversion of ABA-aldehyde to ABA (Seo et al, 2000b).…”

Section: Late Specific Steps In Aba Biosynthesismentioning

confidence: 99%