Isolation and characterization of antibiotic susceptibility profile of <i>Salmonella</i> species isolated from abattoir environment

Abstract

In this study we investigated the antibiogramic profile of Salmonella species isolated from abattoir environment. A total of 72 samples were collected from three different stations [station A (the drainage), station B (stagnant water in potholes and floors around the abattoir) and station C (water used for washing the meat slaughtered at the abattoir)] between January and June 2017. All samples were processed and analysed using standard culturebased and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods. The mean total heterotrophic bacteria population 10 10 9densities were: station A 2.0×10 ± 0.02 CFU/ml; station B 1.6×10 ± 0.10 CFU/ml and station C 3.9×10 ± 5 5 0.05 CFU/ml. The mean total salmonellae population density were 2.4×10 ± 0.14 CFU/ml,1.3×10 ± 0.15 4 CFU/ml, and 1.0×10 ± 0.06 CFU/ml for station A, station B and station C respectively. A total of 50 confirmed salmonellae, using PCR identification system, were subjected to antimicrobial profiling using the disc diffusion method. The resistance profile of the isolates revealed that 24 (48%) of the isolates were resistant to piperacillin, 50 (100%) to gentamycin, 50 (100%) were resistant to tetracycline, while 22 (44%) of the isolates were resistant to aztreonam. Multidrug resistance (MDR) profile of the isolates revealed that 22 (44%) of the isolates were resistant to piperacillin, gentamycin, tetracycline, and aztreonam belonging to four antimicrobial class. Our findings revealed that abattoir environments could be a potential reservoir of multi-antibiotic resistant Salmonella species.Keywords: Abattoir, Salmonellae, Antibiogramic Profile, Multi-Drug Resistance, Effluent ABSTRACT 389

WITHDRAWN: Prevalence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of Salmonella in Selected Export Abattoirs, East Shewa, Ethiopia

“…This is comparable with nding in dairy cattle in central Ethiopia (7%) [19], Colorado State University veterinary teaching hospital (5.9%) [20], and on pork and goat carcass in the Bahamas (5.9%) [21]. On the contrary, our nding is lower than study reported on exotic chickens in Debre Zeit and Modjo, Ethiopia (14.6%) [22], ground beef at retail store in Jalisco State, Mexico (56.7%) [23], from milk and meat in Bangladesh (60%) [24], Kwata slaughterhouse Awka, Anambra State (33.5%) [16] from abattoir and environment in Nigeria (92.31%) [25] and raw beef in Wolaita Sodo municipal abattoir, Southern Ethiopia (12.5%) [26]. However, the result is higher than study conducted on slaughtered cattle in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia (3.7%) [3], slaughter sheep in Turkey (0.7%) [27], food handlers at the University of Gondar, Ethiopia (3.1%) [28], from animal-origin food items in Gondar, Ethiopia (5.5%) [29] and slaughtered bovine, and ovine in Addis Ababa abattoir enterprise 4.64% [2].…”

“…The ndings show that prevalence in this study is lower than the study conducted to the isolation of Salmonella in carcass swabs (30%), and skin swabs (59.7%) of cattle slaughtered in South Africa [4] and knives swabs (16.7%) selected dairy farms, abattoir, and humans at Asella Town, Ethiopia [9]. However, it is higher than study conducted (1.8%) on carcass swabs on animal sources in South Africa [31], (2.5%) knife swabs from the abattoir, and environment in Nigeria [32], and (1.6%) skin swabs of dairy cattle slaughter in Northern Italy [33], and (4.5%) Kwata slaughterhouse, Awka, Anambra State [16]. The difference could be associated with hygienic status, management systems, and cross-contamination among materials used in slaughtering procedures.…”

Magnitude and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile of Salmonella Recovered from Export Abattoirs Located in East Shewa, Ethiopia

“…The finding of the current study should be comparable with a study reported in dairy cattle in central Ethiopia (7%), 24 Colorado State University veterinary teaching hospitals (5.9%), 25 and on pork and goat carcass in the Bahamas (5.9%) 26 On the contrary, our finding is lower than the study reported on exotic chickens in Debre Zeit and Modjo, Ethiopia (14.6%) 27 ; ground beef at a retail store in Jalisco State, Mexico (56.7%) 28 ; from milk and meat in Bangladesh (60%), 29 Kwata slaughterhouse Awka, Anambra State (33.5%) 16 ; from abattoir and environment in Nigeria (92.31%) 30 ; and raw beef in Wolaita Sodo municipal abattoir, Southern Ethiopia (12.5%). 31 However, the current result is higher than the study conducted on slaughtered cattle in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia (3.7%) 3 ; slaughter sheep in Turkey (0.7%) 32 ; food handlers at the University of Gondar, Ethiopia, that suggested (3.1%) 33 ; from animal-origin food items in Gondar, Ethiopia (5.5%) 34 ; and slaughtered bovine and ovine in Addis Ababa Abattoirs Enterprise (4.64%).…”

Biofilm formation and potential virulence factors of Salmonella strains isolated from ready-to-eat shrimps

“…An aliquot of 1.0 mL of the stock solution (25 g of respective ready-to-eat shrimp samples homogenized in 225 mL of sterile tryptone soy broth (TSB), giving a first 10 −1 dilution) was added into test tubes containing 9.0 mL of selenite cysteine F Broth (Lab M, Lancashire, United Kingdom) and incubated at 37°C for 24–48 h. Thereafter, streak plate technique was used via streaking directly from the turbid overnight culture of the selenite cysteine F broth on xylose lysine deoxycholate (XLD) agar (Lab M, Lancashire, United Kingdom) and incubated at 37°C for 24–48 h [ 25 ]. A typical red colony with black centres after incubation were characteristically described tentatively as Salmonella isolate and sub-cultured on Hektoen enteric agar (HEA) (Lab M, Lancashire, United Kingdom) and incubated at 37°C for 24–48 h. After incubation, green colonies with or without black centres were repeatedly purified on Nutrient agar (Lab M, Lancashire, United Kingdom) for at 37°C for 24–48 h and presumptively identified as Salmonella isolate.…”