Isolation and Characterization of Diesel-Degrading Bacteria from Hydrocarbon-Contaminated Sites, Flower Farms, and Soda Lakes

Abstract

Hydrocarbon-derived pollutants are becoming one of the most concerning ecological issues. Thus, there is a need to investigate and develop innovative, low-cost, eco-friendly, and fast techniques to reduce and/or eliminate pollutants using biological agents. The study was conducted to isolate, characterize, and identify potential diesel-degrading bacteria. Samples were collected from flower farms, lakeshores, old aged garages, asphalt, and bitumen soils and spread on selective medium (Bushnell Haas mineral salt agar) containing diesel as the growth substrate. The isolates were characterized based on their growth patterns using optical density measurement, biochemical tests, and gravimetric analysis and identified using the Biolog database and 16S rRNA gene sequencing techniques. Subsequently, six diesel degraders were identified and belong to Pseudomonas, Providencia, Roseomonas, Stenotrophomonas, Achromobacter, and Bacillus. Among these, based on gravimetric analysis, the three potent isolates AAUW23, AAUG11, and AAUG36 achieved 84%, 83.4%, and 83% diesel degradation efficiency, respectively, in 15 days. Consequently, the partial 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that the two most potent bacterial strains (AAUW23 and AAUG11) were Pseudomonas aeruginosa, while AAUG36 was Bacillus subtilis. This study demonstrated that bacterial species isolated from hydrocarbon-contaminated and/or uncontaminated environments could be optimized to be used as potential bioremediation agents for diesel removal.

Kerosene Biodegradation by Highly Efficient Indigenous Bacteria Isolated From Hydrocarbon-Contaminated Sites

“…Bacteria are the most diverse and ubiquitous groups of microorganisms known to have imperative functions in the bioremediation of hydrocarbon-contaminated environments. 33 , 34 This work used a BHMS medium enriched with 0.5% kerosene to isolate 7 kerosene-degrading bacteria from hydrocarbon-contaminated settings. Population densities ranging from 10 4 to 10 7 CFU per gram of soil were observed at all sampling sites, which is within the recommended range for efficient hydrocarbon biodegradation.…”

An Sustainable Strategy for Reuse Agriculture Soil Impacted by A Mixture of Hydrocarbons

“…(Table 3) shows the sequential BIS of the soil impacted by 80;000 ppm WMO which decreased to 37;600 ppm in 5 months that shown that it is essential to start biostimulation with detergent for emulsification of hydrocarbons of WMO to ensure its mineralization. Followed by biostimulation with mineral solution to enrich soil with NH 4 NO 3 to balance the C:N ratio necessary for WMO mineralization; in that sense K 2 HPO 4 and KH 2 PO 4 salts accelerated a WMO removal [18]. In the third biostimulation with vermicompost; nitrogenous organic compounds (N) such as urea and nucleotides; as well as organic carbon compounds (C) such as cellobiose and glucose; were added to induce heterotrophic aerobic microorganisms to co-metabolize WMO hydrocarbons and decrease their concentration [19,13,20] While BIS in sequence with V. sativa or green manure enriched the soil with organic N compounds: peptides and amino acids; to maintain the balance of the C:N ratio; as well as with simple organic C compounds to maintain the cometabolism of WMO hydrocarbons to decrease the concentration of WMO [8].…”

Screening and Characterization of Potential Cypermethrin-Degrading Bacteria via Phenotypic and Molecular Techniques

“…Identification and characterization of microorganisms is one of the most important aspects in the field of microbiology. Phenotypic traits such as morphological, physiological and cultural characteristics are among the classical features used in the identification of microorganisms [9]. However, with the advent of molecular biology techniques, the genotypic methods based on Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) offer more precise and best tools for microbial identification in the environment [10].…”