Isolation and characterization of EST‐derived microsatellite loci from the fungal wheat pathogen Phaeosphaeria nodorum

Abstract

Eleven polymorphic microsatellite loci and one minisatellite locus originating from expressed sequence tag (EST) libraries of Phaeosphaeria (syn. Stagonospora) nodorum were isolated and characterized. The satellite markers were used to genotype isolates from field populations collected in China, North America and South Africa. The number of alleles per locus ranged from two to 15. Genotype diversity ranged from 87.5 to 95.3 and gene diversity from 0.1 to 0.8. The variable levels of polymorphism within and among populations of P. nodorum renders these 12 satellite loci ideal markers for population genetic analysis of P. nodorum.

Genetic linkage map of Phaeosphaeria nodorum, the causal agent of stagonospora nodorum blotch disease of wheat

“…Likewise, the EST database generated from P. nodorum isolate N15 (http://www.broad.mit.edu/an notation/genome/stagonospora_nodorum/Home.html) should be a valuable source for SSR marker development. In our work, five of the 12 EST-derived microsatellite loci selected by Stukenbrock et al (2005) were incorporated into the current linkage map.…”

“…Reaction parameters were 94°C for 3 min followed by 40 cycles of 94°C for 30 s, 42°C for 45 s, and 72°C for 1 min with final incubation at 72°C for 10 min. Twelve expressed sequence tag (EST)-derived microsatellite primers were also used to detect potential polymorphism in the two parental isolates (Stukenbrock et al 2005). PCR was performed following the concentrations and temperature settings described by the authors.…”

“…Among 12 microsatellite primer sets derived from ESTs, five loci amplified by three primer sets were polymorphic between the two parental isolates (Stukenbrock et al 2005). Primer sets SNOD5 (Accession no.…”

Development of genetic SSR markers in Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei and application to isolates from Australia

“…Microsatellite markers, otherwise referred to as simple sequence repeats (SSR), have been very informative in studying the genetic diversity of other important fungal species such as Parastagonospora nodorum (Stukenbrock et al ., ), Zymoseptoria tritici (Goodwin et al ., ), Rhizoctonia solani (Ferrucho et al ., ) and Pyrenophora teres (Ellwood et al ., ). Their abundance in the eukaryotic genome, genetic neutrality, co‐dominance and multi‐allelic nature means they can be employed to differentiate individuals and populations (Powell et al ., ).…”

SnToxA, SnTox1andSnTox3originated inParastagonospora nodorumin the Fertile Crescent

“…where wheat was domesticated (Balter 2007), similar to what was found for the wheat pathogen 382Zymoseptoria tritici(Banke and McDonald 2005;Stukenbrock et al 2006). We also discovered 383 that Iran is a global hotspot of diversity for all three genes encoding necrotrophic effectors and 384 that Iran appears to be a hub or source population for effector alleles shared with other P. 385 nodorum populations around the world.…”