Isolation and characterization of exosomes from adipose tissue‐derived mesenchymal stem cells

Abstract

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), also referred to as multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells, have been the subject of intense scientific research as they are a potential therapeutic tool for several clinical applications. The first adult stem cells identified were the multipotent precursors of bone marrow stroma (BMSCs) (Friedenstein, Piatetzky-Shapiro & Petrakova, 1966), and today, they still remain the main source of MSCs (Wang et al., 2009). However, MSCs are not exclusive to bone marrow and can be isolated from human adipose tissue, brain, liver, spleen, umbilical cord blood, placenta, lung, dental pulp as well as many other sources (Castro-Manrreza et al., 2014;da Silva Meirelles, Chagastelles & Nardi, 2006). MSCs derived from adipose tissue (ASCs) are a practical alternative due to the accessibility and abundance of this tissue (Schreml et al., 2009). Due to species diversity, a variety of tissue sources, and culture conditions, there are no specific MSCs markers (Baglio, Pegtel & Baldini, 2012;Pashoutan Sarvar, Shamsasenjan & Akbarzadehlaleh, 2016). This is why The International Society for Cell Therapy (ISCT) has established minimum criteria for characterizing MSCs: 1) the ability to be plastic-adherent in standard culture conditions; 2) the expression of markers such as CD105, CD90, or CD73, and a lack of expression of markers such as CD34,

Extracellular vesicle and soluble fractions of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells secretome induce inflammatory cytokines modulation in an in vitro model of discogenic pain

“…In a previous work [37] exosomes from ASC-derived conditioned medium were characterized. EVs detection in both fractions were confirmed using TEM.…”

Extracellular vesicles from hair follicle-derived mesenchymal stromal cells: isolation, characterization and therapeutic potential for chronic wound healing

“…Another highly expressed marker in all of our EVs was SSEA-4, an embryonic stem cell marker popularly known as a “stemness” marker. It has been described the presence of this molecule in EVs from bone marrow MSCs (BM-MSCs), AT-MSCs [ 58 , 59 ] as well as in other MSCs [ 60 , 61 ]. Based on our findings, we observed the expression of SSEA-4 in sEVs and m-lEVs derived from both HF-MSCs and AT-MSCs.…”

Exosomes Derived from Adipose Mesenchymal Stem Cells Carrying miRNA-22-3p Promote Schwann Cells Proliferation and Migration through Downregulation of PTEN

“…Digested adipose tissue was centrifuged at 2000 × rpm for 10 min. After filtering through a 70 μ m mesh filter, cells were cultured at 37°C in 5% CO 2 humidified conditions in DMEM medium (11965092; Gibco) with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) (10082147; Gibco), and 1% penicillin/streptomycin (15070063; Gibco) [ 14 ]. The medium was replaced every two days and passaged when 90% fusion was reached.…”