Isolation and Characterization of Immunostimulatory Polysaccharide from an Herb Tea, Gynostemma pentaphyllum Makino

Abstract

Water-soluble polysaccharide from Gynostemma pentaphyllum herb tea (PSGP) was isolated by hot-water extraction and ethanol precipitation. The chemical components and preliminary immunomodulating activity of PSGP were investigated both in vitro and in vivo. Capillary zone electrophoresis analysis showed that PSGP was a typical nonstarch heteropolysaccharide, with glucose being the main component monosaccharide (23.2%), followed by galactose (18.9%), arabinose (10.5%), rhamnose (7.7%), galacturonic acid (4.7%), xylose (3.9%), mannose (3.1%), and glucuronic acid (1.2%). PSGP could significantly stimulate peritoneal macrophages to release nitric oxide, reactive oxygen species, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in a dose-dependent manner. This immunostimulating activity of PSGP was further demonstrated by its inhibition on the proliferation of human colon carcinoma HT-29 and SW-116 cells incubated with the supernatant of PSGP-stimulated macrophage culture. It is evident that PSGP is a very important ingredient responsible for at least in part the immunomodulating activity of G. pentaphyllum herb tea.

Polysaccharides fromCymbopogon citratuswith antitumor and immunomodulatory activity

“…The sulfate radical content in CCPS was tested by barium chloride-gelatin assay, with potassium sulfate as the standard (Lloyd & Dodgson, 1961). The moisture content was measured by drying CCPS at 110 C for 2 h and calculating the amount of evaporated water (Yang et al, 2008). The ash content was determined by incinerating CCPS overnight in a neytech vulcan furnace at 550 C and weighing the residue (Yang et al, 2008).…”

“…The moisture content was measured by drying CCPS at 110 C for 2 h and calculating the amount of evaporated water (Yang et al, 2008). The ash content was determined by incinerating CCPS overnight in a neytech vulcan furnace at 550 C and weighing the residue (Yang et al, 2008).…”

Targeting of growth factors in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma: The potentials of polysaccharides

“…Another study demonstrating the hepatoprotective effect of polysaccharides from Huangshan Maofeng green tea also found that the main monosaccharide components of this polysaccharide were galactose (mol.%, 35.0%), arabinose (28.9%) and galacturonic acid (11.3%) (55). Capillary zone electrophoresis analysis showed that polysaccharide isolated from Gynostemma pentaphyllum Makino consisted of glucose (23.2%), galactose (18.9%), arabinose (10.5%), rhamnose (7.7%), galacturonic acid (4.7%), xylose (3.9%), mannose (3.1%), and glucuronic acid (1.2%) (56). Characterization of polysaccharides from two Pleurotus mushrooms, P. eryngii and P. ostreatus, found that they were mainly composed of mannose, along with other monosaccharides, including glucose, galactose, xylose and rhamnose (57,58).…”

Extraction, purification of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides and bioactivity of purified fraction

“…A broad series of components including polysaccharose and glycine betaine from L. barbarum fruit have been identified as an important class of bioactive natural products, possessing many important properties of pharmacological relevance. Many functional components in L. barbarum, including flavonoids, carotenoids and polysaccharides, have been reported to be closely associated with the health-enhancing effect (Sheng et al, 2007;Yang, Zhao, Yang, & Ruan, 2008).…”