Isolation and characterization of microsatellite loci in the bee Ceratina flavipes

Abstract

Polymorphic microsatellite markers can provide essential information on genetic analyses of sociality and mating behaviour of insects. We developed eight microsatellite loci in the small carpenter bee, Ceratina flavipes, using a magnetic bead hybridization enrichment protocol. These loci showed two to eight alleles with expected heterozygosity of 0.21–0.87, and also seemed useful to such congeneric species as Ceratina okinawana distributed in southern Japan. By using these loci, the sociality and mating systems in Ceratina species, that are still controversial, are possible to be analysed.

Development of Multiple Polymorphic Microsatellite Markers for Ceratina calcarata (Hymenoptera: Apidae) Using Genome-Wide Analysis

“…These loci will be informative in exploring the population structure, patterns of parentage, and kinship dynamics in C. calcarata . As C. calcarata is closely related to four other native Ceratina species ( Rehan and Sheffield 2011 ; Shell and Rehan 2016 ), these loci may also cross-amplify (as in Ceratina flavipes , Azuma et al 2005 ; and Halictus rubicundus (Christ), Soro and Paxton 2009 ) allowing for genus-wide research and conservation.…”

Pre‐hibernation mating by a solitary bee,Ceratina flavipes(Hymenoptera: Apidae: Xylocopinae)

“…We amplified these DNA extracts by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with primers specific to Ceratina microsatellite loci designed by Azuma et al (2005). In a total volume of 19.7 ml containing 1.0 ml template DNA, 0.5 mM each primer, 0.2 mM dNTP mix, 2 ml reaction buffer, 1.5 mM MgCl 2 , and 0.25 units Taq polymerase (Takara), all PCRs were performed as follows: initial denaturation at 93uC for 10 min; then 35 cycles of 30 s at 92uC, 30 s at 50uC, and 30 s at 72uC.…”

Identification of 37 microsatellite loci for Anthophora plumipes (Hymenoptera: Apidae) using next generation sequencing and their utility in related species

“…One of the reasons for this is a general lack of genetic markers for non-model organisms. Although the microsatellite loci of stingless bees are well studied (e.g., Francini et al, 2010;Francisco et al, 2011;Pereira et al, 2011) and there is a lot of literature on microsatellites in bumblebees (Estoup et al, 1995Funk et al, 2006, Stolle et al, 2009, microsatellites have only been developed for 10 species of solitary bees (Paxton et al, 1996(Paxton et al, , 2003Mohra et al, 2000;Kukuk et al, 2002;Azuma et al, 2005;Zayed, 2006;Souza et al, 2007;Soro & Paxton, 2009;Lopez-Uribe, 2011) and as a consequence there are few studies on the population structure and other biological aspects of these bees.…”