Isolation and characterization of piezotolerant fungi from Mariana Trench sediment

Li, Jiakang; Lv, Yongxin; Xiao, Xiang

doi:10.1016/j.dsr.2022.103873

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…The analysis conducted at the genus level did not provide sufficient information, as most sequences were unclassified (>73%), with some samples (e.g., MA-2) resulting in no classification of ASVs at such taxonomic levels. Previous studies carried out in the Izu-Ogasawara and Yap [44,49,86] and Mariana Trench sediments [87], as well as in the water column overlying the Challenger Deep [48,88], reported the presence of the phylum Ascomycota but without providing evidence of its quantitative relevance. Unknown Ascomycota taxa were extremely abundant at the ME site (62.4%), which was also characterized by taxa affiliated with the phylum Basidiomycota and belonging to the classes Tremellomycetes (13.3%) and Cystobasidiomycetes (7.1%).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Fungal Abundance and Diversity in the Mariana Trench, the Deepest Ecosystem on Earth

Varrella,

Barone,

Corinaldesi

et al. 2024

JoF

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Hadal trenches host abundant and diversified benthic prokaryotic assemblages, but information on benthic fungi is still extremely limited. We investigated the fungal abundance and diversity in the Challenger Deep (at ca. 11,000 m depth) and the slope of the Mariana Trench in comparison with three sites of the adjacent abyssal plain. Our results indicate that trench sediments are a hotspot of fungal abundance in terms of the 18S rRNA gene copy number. The fungal diversity (as the number of amplicon sequence variants, ASVs) was relatively low at all sites (10–31 ASVs) but showed a high turnover diversity among stations due to the presence of exclusive fungal taxa belonging to Aspergillaceae, Trichosphaeriaceae, and Nectriaceae. Fungal abundance and diversity were closely linked to sediment organic matter content and composition (i.e., phytopigments and carbohydrates), suggesting a specialization of different fungal taxa for the exploitation of available resources. Overall, these findings provide new insights into the diversity of deep-sea fungi and the potential ecological role in trench sediments and pave the way for a better understanding of their relevance in one of the most extreme ecosystems on Earth.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Fungal Abundance and Diversity in the Mariana Trench, the Deepest Ecosystem on Earth

Varrella,

Barone,

Corinaldesi

et al. 2024

JoF

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“…In contrast, strains from South China Sea sediment 15 m below the seafloor cannot grow above 45 °C [ 26 ]. The A57 strain from 3500 m Mariana Trench sediment can grow under 20 Mpa pressure [ 27 ], while our strain grew under 35 Mpa conditions. These differences may be due to genetic diversity and adaptability of P. chrysogenum strains.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic insights into Penicillium chrysogenum adaptation to subseafloor sedimentary environments

Liu,

Wang,

Zhou

et al. 2024

BMC Genomics

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Background Penicillium chrysogenum is a filamentous fungal species with diverse habitats, yet little is known about its genetics in adapting to extreme subseafloor sedimental environments. Results Here, we report the discovery of P. chrysogenum strain 28R-6-F01, isolated from deep coal-bearing sediments 2306 m beneath the seafloor. This strain possesses exceptional characteristics, including the ability to thrive in extreme conditions such as high temperature (45 °C), high pressure (35 Mpa), and anaerobic environments, and exhibits broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, producing the antibiotic penicillin at a concentration of 358 μg/mL. Genome sequencing and assembly revealed a genome size of 33.19 Mb with a GC content of 48.84%, containing 6959 coding genes. Comparative analysis with eight terrestrial strains identified 88 unique genes primarily associated with penicillin and aflatoxins biosynthesis, carbohydrate degradation, viral resistance, and three secondary metabolism gene clusters. Furthermore, significant expansions in gene families related to DNA repair were observed, likely linked to the strain’s adaptation to its environmental niche. Conclusions Our findings provide insights into the genomic and biological characteristics of P. chrysogenum adaptation to extreme anaerobic subseafloor sedimentary environments, such as high temperature and pressure.

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“…Early studies on culturable filamentous fungi, to our knowledge, were mostly under mild HHP ( 17 , 60 ), and very few of them exceed 30 MPa ( 9 , 18 , 32 ). Considering the truth that conidia and hyphae showed serious growth defects under 60 MPa in our preliminary experiment, a compromised pressure of up to 40 MPa was ultimately employed in our study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…More and more deep-sea fungi and their potential roles, such as the ecological functions and novel secondary metabolites productions ( 3 , 9 , 58 ), were discovered from various depths in the deep sea. However, apart from some prokaryotes and yeast species ( 10 , 13 , 59 ), limited information is available for adaptation and genome informatics of culturable filamentous fungi under HHP, and relatively few studies paid attention to the relationship between their physiological property and HHP ( 13 , 14 , 17 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, evidence indicates that deep-sea fungi not only exhibit robust biological activity ( 6 ) but also play an essential role in ecological functions ( 7 , 8 ). Recently, Li et al have particularly reported the isolation of piezotolerant filamentous fungi from the hadal trenches ( 9 ). They identified 41 fungal strains that were able to thrive under HHP of 20–60 MPa and highlighted the metabolic potential of deep-sea fungi in biogeochemistry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Insight into the adaptation mechanisms of high hydrostatic pressure in physiology and metabolism of hadal fungi from the deepest ocean sediment

Zhong,

Li,

Deng

et al. 2024

mSystems

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High hydrostatic pressure (HHP) influences the life processes of organisms living at depth in the oceans. While filamentous fungi are one of the essential members of deep-sea microorganisms, few works have explored their piezotolerance to HHP. Here, we obtained three homogeneous Aspergillus sydowii from terrestrial, shallow, and hadal areas, respectively, to compare their pressure resistance. A set of all-around evaluation methods including determination of growth rate, metabolic activity, and microscopic staining observation was established and indicated that A. sydowii DM1 from the hadal area displayed significant piezotolerance. Global analysis of transcriptome data under elevated HHP revealed that A. sydowii DM1 proactively modulated cell membrane permeability, hyphae morphology, and septal quantities for seeking a better livelihood under mild pressure. Besides, differentially expressed genes were mainly enriched in the biosynthesis of amino acids, carbohydrate metabolism, cell process, etc., implying how the filamentous fungi respond to elevated pressure at the molecular level. We speculated that A. sydowii DM1 could acclimatize itself to HHP by adopting several strategies, including environmental response pathway HOG-MAPK, stress proteins, and cellular metabolisms. IMPORTANCE Fungi play an ecological and biological function in marine environments, while the physiology of filamentous fungi under high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) is an unknown territory due to current technologies. As filamentous fungi are found in various niches, Aspergillus sp. from deep-sea inspire us to the physiological trait of eukaryotes under HHP, which can be considered as a prospective research model. Here, the evaluation methods we constructed would be universal for most filamentous fungi to assess their pressure resistance, and we found that Aspergillus sydowii DM1 from the hadal area owned better piezotolerance and the active metabolisms under HHP indicated the existence of undiscovered metabolic strategies for hadal fungi. Since pressure-related research of marine fungi has been unexpectedly neglected, our study provided an enlightening strategy for them under HHP; we believed that understanding their adaptation and ecological function in original niches will be accelerated in the perceivable future.

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Isolation and characterization of piezotolerant fungi from Mariana Trench sediment

Cited by 8 publications

References 63 publications

Fungal Abundance and Diversity in the Mariana Trench, the Deepest Ecosystem on Earth

Fungal Abundance and Diversity in the Mariana Trench, the Deepest Ecosystem on Earth

Genomic insights into Penicillium chrysogenum adaptation to subseafloor sedimentary environments

Insight into the adaptation mechanisms of high hydrostatic pressure in physiology and metabolism of hadal fungi from the deepest ocean sediment

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