Isolation and Characterization of Sweat Gland Myoepithelial Cells from Human Skin

Kurata, Ryuichiro; Futaki, Sugiko; Nakano, Itsuko; Tanemura, Atsushi; Murota, Hiroyuki; Katayama, Ichiro; Sekiguchi, Kiyotoshi

doi:10.1247/csf.14009

Cited by 24 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Rittie et al reported that duct cells in human sweat glands contribute to re-epithelialization of the skin after trauma [23]. We have previously shown that myoepithelial cells are enriched with sweat gland stem cells possessing the ability to regenerate sweat gland-like spheres with apical and basal cell layers that express luminal (K8) and myoepithelial (αSMA) markers, respectively [24, 25]. We also revealed that myoepithelial cells including stem cells are closely surrounded by neighboring nerve fibers, indicating that sweat gland stem cells reside in a unique environment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-dimensional cell shapes and arrangements in human sweat glands as revealed by whole-mount immunostaining

et al. 2017

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Because sweat secretion is facilitated by mechanical contraction of sweat gland structures, understanding their structure-function relationship could lead to more effective treatments for patients with sweat gland disorders such as heat stroke. Conventional histological studies have shown that sweat glands are three-dimensionally coiled tubular structures consisting of ducts and secretory portions, although their detailed structural anatomy remains unclear. To better understand the details of the three-dimensional (3D) coiled structures of sweat glands, a whole-mount staining method was employed to visualize 3D coiled gland structures with sweat gland markers for ductal luminal, ductal basal, secretory luminal, and myoepithelial cells. Imaging the 3D coiled gland structures demonstrated that the ducts and secretory portions were comprised of distinct tubular structures. Ductal tubules were occasionally bent, while secretory tubules were frequently bent and formed a self-entangled coiled structure. Whole-mount staining of complex coiled gland structures also revealed the detailed 3D cellular arrangements in the individual sweat gland compartments. Ducts were composed of regularly arranged cuboidal shaped cells, while secretory portions were surrounded by myoepithelial cells longitudinally elongated along entangled secretory tubules. Whole-mount staining was also used to visualize the spatial arrangement of blood vessels and nerve fibers, both of which facilitate sweat secretion. The blood vessels ran longitudinally parallel to the sweat gland tubules, while nerve fibers wrapped around secretory tubules, but not ductal tubules. Taken together, whole-mount staining of sweat glands revealed the 3D cell shapes and arrangements of complex coiled gland structures and provides insights into the mechanical contraction of coiled gland structures during sweat secretion.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-dimensional cell shapes and arrangements in human sweat glands as revealed by whole-mount immunostaining

et al. 2017

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“…Human eccrine sweat gland epithelial cells have also been shown to regenerate epidermis during skin wound healing . Human eccrine gland stem cells have not yet been characterized in detail, but myoepithelial cells were suggested to be the progenitor cells .…”

Section: Regulation Of Eccrine Sweat Gland Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eccrine sweat gland development and sweat secretion

Cui

Schlessinger

2015

Experimental Dermatology

163

173

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Eccrine sweat glands help to maintain homoeostasis, primarily by stabilizing body temperature. Derived from embryonic ectoderm, millions of eccrine glands are distributed across human skin and secrete litres of sweat per day. Their easy accessibility has facilitated the start of analyses of their development and function. Mouse genetic models find sweat gland development regulated sequentially by Wnt, Eda and Shh pathways, although precise subpathways and additional regulators require further elucidation. Mature glands have two secretory cell types, clear and dark cells, whose comparative development and functional interactions remain largely unknown. Clear cells have long been known as the major secretory cells, but recent studies suggest that dark cells are also indispensable for sweat secretion. Dark cell-specific Foxa1 expression was shown to regulate a Ca2+-dependent Best2 anion channel that is the candidate driver for the required ion currents. Overall, it was shown that cholinergic impulses trigger sweat secretion in mature glands through second messengers – for example InsP3 and Ca2+ – and downstream ion channels/transporters in the framework of a Na+-K+-Cl− cotransporter model. Notably, the microenvironment surrounding secretory cells, including acid–base balance, was implicated to be important for proper sweat secretion, which requires further clarification. Furthermore, multiple ion channels have been shown to be expressed in clear and dark cells, but the degree to which various ion channels function redundantly or indispensably also remains to be determined.

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“…Each eccrine sweat gland unit consists of two portions, the secretory coil and the duct, which differ in morphology and function (Figure 2A) [55, 56]. The secretory coil contains acinar epithelial cells (that can be divided further into clear and dark cells) surrounded by myoepithelial cells, whereas the duct is composed by two layers of cuboidal epithelium [55].…”

Section: Mechanism Of Salt and Fluid Secretion In Eccrine Sweat Glmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Modified from [56]. The enlargement on the right shows a crossection through the secretory coil portion of an eccrine sweat gland.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of epithelial ion transport in exocrine glands by store-operated Ca2+ entry

Concepcion

Feske

2017

Cell Calcium

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Store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) is a conserved mechanism of Ca2+ influx that regulates Ca2+ signaling in many cell types. SOCE is activated by depletion of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+ stores in response to physiological agonist stimulation. After it was first postulated by J.W. Putney Jr. in 1986, SOCE has been described in a large number of non-excitable cell types including secretory cells of different exocrine glands. Here we discuss the mechanisms by which SOCE controls salt and fluid secretion in exocrine glands, with a special focus on eccrine sweat glands. In sweat glands, SOCE plays an important, non-redundant role in regulating the function of Ca2+-activated Cl− channels (CaCC), Cl− secretion and sweat production. In the absence of key regulators of SOCE such as the CRAC channel pore subunit ORAI1 and its activator STIM1, the Ca2+-activated chloride channel TMEM16A is inactive and fails to secrete Cl−, resulting in anhidrosis in mice and human patients.

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Isolation and Characterization of Sweat Gland Myoepithelial Cells from Human Skin

Cited by 24 publications

References 28 publications

Three-dimensional cell shapes and arrangements in human sweat glands as revealed by whole-mount immunostaining

Three-dimensional cell shapes and arrangements in human sweat glands as revealed by whole-mount immunostaining

Eccrine sweat gland development and sweat secretion

Regulation of epithelial ion transport in exocrine glands by store-operated Ca2+ entry

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