Isolation and detection of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis in the reproductive organs and associated lymph nodes of non-pregnant does experimentally inoculated through intradermal route in chronic form

Abstract

Aim:Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis is the etiological agent of caseous lymphadenitis that affects sheep and goats. This study was designed to determine the presence of the causative organism in the female reproductive organs and associated lymph nodes in non-pregnant does experimentally inoculated through intradermal route in the chronic form.Materials and Methods:18 non-pregnant healthy Katjang does aged 2-year-old were divided randomly into two groups. The first and second group consists of nine non-pregnant does each and the two groups were subdivided into three subgroups. The first group was experimentally inoculated with 1 ml of 107cfu of live C. pseudotuberculosis through intradermal route, whereas the second group was inoculated with 1 ml phosphate buffer saline (pH 7) solution intradermally. The first group were further subdivided into three subgroups where, the first subgroup (B1) were kept for 30 days post-infection, second subgroup (B2) were kept for 60 days post-infection, and third subgroup (B3) were kept for 90 days. The second group was further subdivided into three subgroups (C1, C2, and C3) where they were kept for 39, 60, and 90 days post-infection, respectively.Results:From this study, there was successful isolation of C. pseudotuberculosis from the reproductive organs of the treatment group after 60 days post-infection. The subgroups (B1, C1, C2, and C3) did not show any presence of the causative organism in the reproductive organs. The second subgroup B2 and third subgroup B3 showed positive isolation of the causative organisms from the ovary, uterine horns, uterus, cervix, vagina, and inguinal lymph node of the experimental non-pregnant does.Conclusion:This study showed that chronic infection of C. pseudotuberculosis via intradermal route may cause effect toward the reproductive organs and may be able to influence the reproductive efficiency of the infected animals.

Bacteriological, cytological, and molecular investigation of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, mycobacteria, and other bacteria in caseous lymphadenitis and healthy lymph nodes of slaughtered sheep

“…In addition, mycobacterial infections have not been routinely investigated as a differential diagnosis to C. pseudotuberculosis infection, which was one of the most important motivations of the present study. Several bacterial species are able to infect lymph nodes of small ruminants, although C. pseudotuberculosis has been described as the primary pathogen of CL in small ruminants worldwide [1,2,7,25,27,28]. In the same way, the present study identified, phenotypically, 43.7% (86/197) C. pseudotuberculosis strains from enlarged lymph nodes of sheep, which reinforces the predominance of this pathogen as the causative agent of CL in this species.…”

Prevalence and molecular investigation of caseous lymphadenitis among the slaughtered sheep at Duhok Abattoirs; experimental infection with Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis in rabbits

“…However, these studies used different routes of infection, evidence found that C. pseudotuberculosis systemic infection was irrespective of the route of administration in a study was done in guinea (13). In this study, the bacteria were only recovered from three rabbits, all rabbits were positive histopathologically for the presence of abscess and granulomas; this could be due to the host immune response killed the bacteria (22,44), but could not clear the abscess and the granuloma at the timepoint post-infection which might be due the presence of phospholipase D (PLD) and mycolic acid of the dead bacteria maintained the granuloma development (15,45).…”

“…However, sheep and goats have been used in vivo as animals models to study the immune responses and to evaluate antibacterial activities of some drugs against C. pseudotuberculosis (11,12). Guinea pig and mice were also used to study immune responses against Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis (13), mice were infected with different strains of C. pseudotuberculosis of equine origin for better understanding the clinical signs, microbiological and pathological outcomes of CLA infection (14,15).…”

Hemogram responses in goats toward challenged with Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis and its immunogen mycolic acids

“…CLA was reported not to have any significant changes on hemogram in goats that were challenged with Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis bacterin, but a remarkable difference reflected significantly on the leukogram between the challenged groups at various sampling time [7-9]. Gameel and Tartour reported that sheep experimentally challenged with C. pseudotuberculosis bacteria showed alterations in the plasma proteins and the hemogram [10].…”

“…The incubation period of caseous lymphadenitis (CLA) ranges between 3 and 20 weeks, however, shorter incubation periods were reportedly associated [ 5 , 6 ] where few animals may likely develop clinical signs such as fever, changes in heart and respiratory rates, in appetence and decreased food consumption. CLA was reported not to have any significant changes on hemogram in goats that were challenged with Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis bacterin, but a remarkable difference reflected significantly on the leukogram between the challenged groups at various sampling time [ 7 - 9 ]. Gameel and Tartour reported that sheep experimentally challenged with C. pseudotuberculosis bacteria showed alterations in the plasma proteins and the hemogram [ 10 ].…”