Isolation and detection of mycotoxin producing fungi species from dry stored groundnut sold in Keffi, Nigeria

Abstract

Isolation and detection of mycotoxins producing fungi from stored dry groundnut sold in Keffi. One hundred (100) dry groundnuts (Arachis hypogaea) was collected from different dry groundnut storage shops Keffi Metropolis in a sterilized tube and transported to Microbiology Laboratory of Nasarawa State University, Keffi. Fungi species were isolated using standard microbiological methods. The percentage occurrence of fungi was 68.3 %. The highest fungi was isolated from Angwan Lambu (66.6 %) and lowest was from Old market (91.6%). The fungi species isolated in this study were Penicillium digitatum, Phaecocromonium. Parasiticum, Aspergillus oryzae, Aspergillus flavus and Fusarium graminearum. The highest fungi isolated from Angwan Lambu were Aspergillus niger (33.3%) and lowest was Penicillium digitatum (8.3 %). From High court the highest were Penicillium digitatum, Aspergillus flavu and Fusarium graminearum (16.6 %). From Angwan Waje the highest were Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus oryzae(16.6 %). From Old market the highest was Aspergillus oryzae (33.3 %) and lowest was Fusarium sp (8.3 %). The mycotoxins detected were cyclopiazonic acid, fumonisins, aflatoxin, ochratoxin, and patulin. Aspergillus niger screened 4 produce mycotoxin were 3 produced Ochratoxin and 1 produced Fumonisins. Penicillium digitatum screened 3 for mycotoxins 2 produced Patulin and 1 produced aflatoxin. Aspergillus oryzae 1 produce citrinin. 3 Aspergillus flavus isolated 2 produced both aflatoxin, ochratoxin and 1 cyclopiazonic acid and 6 Fusarium graminearum screened 4 were observed to produce mytcotoxins; 1 produce Patulin, 1 Aflatoxin and 2 produced Fumonisins. Different fungi species isolated in this study are mycotoxin producing fungi there is need to improve on methods of drying and storage of groundnut in the study area.