Isolation and development of bovine primary respiratory cells as model to study influenza D virus infection

Uprety, Tirth; Sreenivasan, Chithra; Bhattarai, Shaurav; Wang, Dan Dan; Kaushik, Radhey S.; Feng, Liang

doi:10.1016/j.virol.2021.04.003

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…In the lung alveolar cells, however, all three receptors were abundantly expressed, similar to what has been found in pigs and humans 22,25,28 . Isolated primary respiratory cells from the nasal turbinates, soft palate, and tracheal tissues of cattle had an IAV receptor distribution that corresponds to the findings of our study 16 . Another previous study investigated the presence of the human receptor (SNA, SA-α2,6-Gal) and avian receptors (MAA, SA-α2,3-Gal) by lectin histochemistry in the bovine trachea and lung tissues, and found only the human receptor expressed in the lung tissues 15 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Furthermore, IAVs adapted to chickens generally prefer SA-α2,3-Gal with a β1,4 linkage to N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNac, SA-α2,3-Gal-β1,4-GalNac, referred to as the chicken receptor), whereas IAVs isolated from ducks favor SA-α2,3-Gal with a β1,3 linkage to N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNac, SA-α2,3-Gal-β1,3-GlcNac referred to as duck receptor) 13,14 . A study from 2011 investigated IAV receptor distribution on tracheal and lung tissues in cattle from Thailand and a more recent investigation assessed the receptor distribution on bovine primary cells of the nose, soft palate and trachea 15,16 . IAV receptor distribution in other bovine tissues are lacking.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The avian and human influenza A virus receptors sialic acid (SA)-α2,3 and SA-α2,6 are widely expressed in the bovine mammary gland

Kristensen,

Jensen,

Trebbien

et al. 2024

Preprint

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An outbreak of H5N1 highly pathogenic influenza A virus (HPIAV) has been detected in dairy cows in the United States. Influenza A virus (IAV) is a negative-sense, single-stranded, RNA virus that has not previously been associated with widespread infection in cattle. As such, cattle are an extremely under-studied domestic IAV host species. IAV receptors on host cells are sialic acids (SAs) that are bound to galactose in either an α2,3 or α2,6 linkage. Human IAVs preferentially bind SA-α2,6 (human receptor), whereas avian IAVs have a preference for α2,3 (avian receptor). The avian receptor can further be divided into two receptors: IAVs isolated from chickens generally bind more tightly to SA-α2,3-Gal-β1,4 (chicken receptor), whereas IAVs isolated from duck to SA-α2,3-Gal-β1,3 (duck receptor). We found all receptors were expressed, to a different degree, in the mammary gland, respiratory tract, and cerebrum of beef and/or dairy cattle. The duck and human IAV receptors were widely expressed in the bovine mammary gland, whereas the chicken receptor dominated the respiratory tract. In general, only a low expression of IAV receptors was observed in the neurons of the cerebrum. These results provide a mechanistic rationale for the high levels of H5N1 virus reported in infected bovine milk and show cattle have the potential to act as a mixing vessel for novel IAV generation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The avian and human influenza A virus receptors sialic acid (SA)-α2,3 and SA-α2,6 are widely expressed in the bovine mammary gland

Kristensen,

Jensen,

Trebbien

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…Insufficient sample quantities prevented virus isolation from samples used for the BRBV prevalence study. Primary bovine tracheal epithelial cells developed in an earlier study were used to isolate BRBV [ 28 ]. Cells were grown in DMEM/F-12 media supplemented with 5 % FBS, epidermal growth factor (Corning; cat.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4444432; Applied Biosystems) following the manufacturer’s protocol. The Taqman assay used in the study was previously reported [ 28 ]. For amplification, a 7500 Fast Real time PCR system (7500 system v2.3; Applied Biosystems) was used with the following thermal cycling conditions: 50 °C for 5 min, 95 °C for 20 s then 40 cycles of 95 °C for 15 s and 60 °C for 60 s.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bovine rhinitis B virus is highly prevalent in acute bovine respiratory disease and causes upper respiratory tract infection in calves

Bhattarai

Lin

Temeeyasen

et al. 2022

Journal of General Virology

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Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is the most significant cause of cattle morbidity and mortality worldwide. This multifactorial disease has a complex aetiology. Dogma posits a primary viral infection followed by secondary bacterial pneumonia. Bovine rhinitis B virus (BRBV) is an established aetiological agent of BRD, but little is known regarding its pathogenesis. Here, a BRD PCR panel identified 18/153 (11.8 %) lung samples and 20/49 (40.8 %) nasal swabs collected from cattle with respiratory signs as positive for BRBV, which was the most prevalent virus in nasal swabs. Primary bovine tracheal epithelial cells were used to isolate BRBV that was phylogenetically related to contemporary sequences from the USA and Mexico and genetically divergent from the previous sole BRBV isolate. To investigate virus pathogenesis, 1-week-old colostrum-deprived dairy calves were inoculated intranasally with 7.0 log10 TCID50 BRBV. Virus was isolated from nasal swabs, nasal turbinates, trachea and the brain of the challenged animals. Neutralizing antibodies were detected beginning 7 days post-inoculation and peaked at day 14. In situ hybridization (ISH) localized BRBV infection in the upper respiratory ciliated epithelial and goblet cells, occasionally associated with small defects of the superficial cilia lining. Sporadically, pinpoint ISH signals were also detected in cells resembling glial cells in the cerebrum in one calf. Together, these results demonstrate the BRBV infection is highly prevalent in acute BRD samples and while the pathogenicity of BRBV is minimal with infection largely limited to the upper respiratory tract, further research is needed to elucidate a possible initiatory role in BRD.

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“…Compared with ICV, IDV has broad cell tropism owing to its increased binding avidity towards diverse glycans and can grow not only in continuous cell lines, but also in most of the primary cells from bovine [162], caprine [163], equine, and porcine species [164]. A comparison of in vitro cellular tropism of the IDV to ICV, determined by RT-PCR in cell lines of different species origins, such as swine testicle (ST) cells [165], (MDCK), green African monkey kidney cells (Marc-145), human rectal tumor (HRT-18G), baby hamster kidney (BHK-21), and porcine kidney (PK-15) cells, showed that IDV replicated to appreciable titers in all, with minimal replication in BHK-21 and PK-15 cells [82].…”

Section: Broad Cell and Tissue Tropism Of Idv Over Icvmentioning

confidence: 99%

Host Range, Biology, and Species Specificity of Seven-Segmented Influenza Viruses—A Comparative Review on Influenza C and D

et al. 2021

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Other than genome structure, influenza C (ICV), and D (IDV) viruses with seven-segmented genomes are biologically different from the eight-segmented influenza A (IAV), and B (IBV) viruses concerning the presence of hemagglutinin–esterase fusion protein, which combines the function of hemagglutinin and neuraminidase responsible for receptor-binding, fusion, and receptor-destroying enzymatic activities, respectively. Whereas ICV with humans as primary hosts emerged nearly 74 years ago, IDV, a distant relative of ICV, was isolated in 2011, with bovines as the primary host. Despite its initial emergence in swine, IDV has turned out to be a transboundary bovine pathogen and a broader host range, similar to influenza A viruses (IAV). The receptor specificities of ICV and IDV determine the host range and the species specificity. The recent findings of the presence of the IDV genome in the human respiratory sample, and high traffic human environments indicate its public health significance. Conversely, the presence of ICV in pigs and cattle also raises the possibility of gene segment interactions/virus reassortment between ICV and IDV where these viruses co-exist. This review is a holistic approach to discuss the ecology of seven-segmented influenza viruses by focusing on what is known so far on the host range, seroepidemiology, biology, receptor, phylodynamics, species specificity, and cross-species transmission of the ICV and IDV.

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Isolation and development of bovine primary respiratory cells as model to study influenza D virus infection

Cited by 7 publications

References 74 publications

The avian and human influenza A virus receptors sialic acid (SA)-α2,3 and SA-α2,6 are widely expressed in the bovine mammary gland

The avian and human influenza A virus receptors sialic acid (SA)-α2,3 and SA-α2,6 are widely expressed in the bovine mammary gland

Bovine rhinitis B virus is highly prevalent in acute bovine respiratory disease and causes upper respiratory tract infection in calves

Host Range, Biology, and Species Specificity of Seven-Segmented Influenza Viruses—A Comparative Review on Influenza C and D

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