Isolation and enrichment of Ginkgo biloba extract by a continuous chromatography system

Abstract

In this study, an effective method was developed for the isolation and enrichment of Ginkgo biloba extract by continuous chromatography system. The adsorption and desorption ratio of flavonoids as main index, the best macroporous resin was screened out from six resins by static adsorption and desorption tests. At the same time the adsorption and desorption parameters were optimized by dynamic adsorption and desorption tests. Under optimal parameters, five operations consisting of loading, washing, desorbing, regenerating, and balancing were integrated across the continuous chromatography system for the purpose of refining 66 L of crude extract solution. The results were as follows, 198.22 g of Ginkgo biloba extracts was produced, which contained 65.83 g of flavonoids and 15.44 g of lactones. The content of flavonoids and lactones increased from 2.76 and 0.72% in the crude extract to 33.21 and 7.79%, with a recovery yield of 91.26 and 81.21%. Methodology validation showed that the proposed method had high stability and reproducibility. Compared with the traditional macroporous resin method, the proposed method had a short processing time and low solvent consumption. Our studies indicated that the newly developed method is an effective procedure for the isolation and enrichment of Ginkgo biloba extract.

Comparison of different extraction methods of active ingredients of Chinese medicine and natural products

“…At present, the classical extraction methods of CM and natural products mainly include decoction [25,26], maceration [27][28][29], reflux [30,31], percolation [21], steam distillation [32] and sublimation [33,34]. With the development of modern separation science and equipment, some new technologies such as ultrasonic waveassisted extraction (UAE) [35][36][37][38], microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) [39][40][41][42], supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) [43][44][45][46][47], enzyme-assisted extraction (EAE) [48,23,49], membrane separation extraction (MSE) [50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57], ultrafine grinding technology (UGT) [58][59][60][61][62][63][64], microporous resin adsorption technology (MRAT) [65][66][67][68]…”

“…At present, the classical extraction methods of CM and natural products mainly include decoction [25, 26], maceration [27–29], reflux [30, 31], percolation [21], steam distillation [32] and sublimation [33, 34]. With the development of modern separation science and equipment, some new technologies such as ultrasonic wave‐assisted extraction (UAE) [35–38], microwave‐assisted extraction (MAE) [39–42], supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) [43–47], enzyme‐assisted extraction (EAE) [48, 23, 49], membrane separation extraction (MSE) [50–57], ultrafine grinding technology (UGT) [58–64], microporous resin adsorption technology (MRAT) [65–70], semi‐bionic extraction (SBE) [71, 72], immune selective extraction (ISE) [73–77], molecular‐distillation technology [78–82], molecularly‐imprinted polymer extraction (MIPE) [83–88], UPE [89–93], liquid chromatographic extraction (LCE) [94–99], solid‐phase extraction (SPE) [100–107], liquid–liquid extraction (LLE) [108–112], etc. have been given birth to.…”

“…The method has the advantages of good adsorbent stability, renewable, low cost, good adsorption effect, molding without auxiliary materials, and high extraction rate. For example, Zhu et al used it to enrich the active components of flavonoids in Ginkgo biloba, and increased the content of flavonoids and lactones from 2.76% and 0.72% in crude extract to 33.21% and 7.79% [67]. However, it requires complex pretreatment of the polymer adsorbents [68], generally for pressure washing, filtration, centrifugation, rotary evaporation, concentration and other pretreatments.…”

“…For example, resin adsorbents need to be swelled in advance with several times the volume of ethanol, and then eluted with purified water to remove impurities. After using for a certain time, the adsorbents need to be eluted and regenerated [69,67], so the operation steps are cumbersome and not conducive to automated production. In addition, the initial extract solution gener-ally needs to be placed at low temperature for a long time, what is more terrible is that the adsorption process is too slow (perhaps 24 h) [70], that takes too long.…”

Purification of Anthocyanins Derived from Black Kidney Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) by a Simulated Moving Bed

“…e SMB system has been used in many fields of protein separation [33], Ginkgo biloba enrichment [34], and heparin purification [35]. e use of the SMB system in purifying anthocyanins has not been reported.…”