Isolation and Genome Sequencing of Hepatitis E Virus Genotype 1 Imported from India to Japan

Kobayashi, Sakura; Mori, Ai; Sugiyama, Ryuichi; Li, Tiancheng; Fujii, Yoshiki; Yato, Keigo; Matsuda, Mami; Shiota, Tomoyuki; Katsumata, Masaya; Iwamoto, Tomotada; Muramatsu, Masamichi; Suzuki, Ritsuro

doi:10.7883/yoken.jjid.2022.127

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…One such strain that was derived from a patient who came to Japan from India was isolated, and a nearly complete HEV genome sequence has been reported for this isolate. 27 One of the limitations of the present study is that sequence data were obtained only from a subset of the reported cases. This shortcoming posed several challenges.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Among the eight sequences categorized as G1, six sequences clustered with the reference sequence of G1g, and five of these six sequences were obtained from patients who appeared to have become infected in India. One such strain that was derived from a patient who came to Japan from India was isolated, and a nearly complete HEV genome sequence has been reported for this isolate 27 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nationwide epidemiologic and genetic surveillance of hepatitis E in Japan, 2014–2021

Sugiyama

Takahara

Yahata

et al. 2023

Journal of Medical Virology

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Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is an emerging causative agent of acute hepatitis. To clarify the epidemiology of HEV and characterize the genetic diversity of the virus in Japan, nationwide enhanced surveillance and molecular characterization studies of HEV in Japan were undertaken from 2014 to 2021. In total, 2770 hepatitis E cases were reported, of which 88% were domestic cases, while only 4.1% represented cases following infection abroad. In addition, 57% of domestic infections occurred in males aged in their 40s–70s. For domestic cases, infection via pork meat consumption continued to be the most reported route. Analysis of the 324 sequences detected between 2016 and 2021 showed that the majority of domestic HEV strains belong to Genotype 3a (G3a) and G3b. In contrast, six of eight cases of G1 HEV reflected infection abroad. Our results suggest that HEV is circulating widely in Japan, with genotypes G3a and G3b being most prevalent. Continued surveillance is necessary to monitor future trends and changes in the epidemiology of HEV in Japan.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nationwide epidemiologic and genetic surveillance of hepatitis E in Japan, 2014–2021

Sugiyama

Takahara

Yahata

et al. 2023

Journal of Medical Virology

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“…� Travelers to endemic and developing countries should avoid drinking untreated water and eating raw food. 60,148,149 (A-1)…”

Section: Other Hepatitis E Vaccine Candidates and Their Status In Japanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances in hepatitis E virus research and the Japanese clinical practice guidelines for hepatitis E virus infection

Kanda,

Li,

Takahashi

et al. 2024

Hepatology Research

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Acute hepatitis E was considered rare until reports emerged affirming the existence of hepatitis E virus (HEV) genotypes 3 and 4 infections in Japan in the early 2000s. Extensive studies by Japanese researchers have highlighted the pivotal role of pigs and wild animals, such as wild boars and deer, as reservoirs for HEV, linking them to zoonotic infections in Japan. Currently, when hepatitis occurs subsequent to the consumption of undercooked or grilled pork, wild boar meat, or offal (including pig liver and intestines), HEV infection should be considered. Following the approval of anti‐HEV immunoglobulin A antibody as a diagnostic tool for hepatitis E by Japan's Health Insurance System in 2011, the annual number of diagnosed cases of HEV infection has surged. Notably, the occurrence of post‐transfusion hepatitis E promoted nationwide screening of blood products for HEV using nucleic acid amplification tests since 2020. Furthermore, chronic hepatitis E has been observed in immunosuppressed individuals. Considering the significance of hepatitis E, heightened preventive measures are essential. The Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development Hepatitis A and E viruses (HAV and HEV) Study Group, which includes special virologists and hepatologists, held a virtual meeting on February 17, 2024. Discussions encompassed pathogenesis, transmission routes, diagnosis, complications, severity factors, and ongoing and prospective vaccination or treatments for hepatitis E. Rigorous assessment of referenced studies culminated in the formulation of recommendations, which are detailed within this review. This comprehensive review presents recent advancements in HEV research and Japanese clinical practice guidelines for HEV infection.

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“…Among the four major genotypes infecting humans, HEV-1 and genotype 2 HEV (HEV-2) are restricted to humans and have been responsible for multiple outbreaks in developing countries where the virus is transmitted through drinking contaminated water [18]. Although HEV-1 typically affects people in developing countries, such as South Asia and most countries in sub-Saharan Africa [19], imported infections have been reported in industrialized countries, including Japan [20][21][22]. HEV-1 infection in pregnant women frequently leads to infant mortality or premature delivery.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Characterization of Efficient Cell Culture Systems for Genotype 1 Hepatitis E Virus and Its Infectious cDNA Clone

Primadharsini

Nagashima

Tanaka

et al. 2023

Viruses

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Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a major cause of acute viral hepatitis globally. Genotype 1 HEV (HEV-1) is responsible for multiple outbreaks in developing countries, causing high mortality rates in pregnant women. However, studies on HEV-1 have been hindered by its poor replication in cultured cells. The JE04-1601S strain recovered from a Japanese patient with fulminant hepatitis E who contracted HEV-1 while traveling to India was serially passaged 12 times in human cell lines. The cell-culture-generated viruses (passage 12; p12) grew efficiently in human cell lines, but the replication was not fully supported in porcine cells. A full-length cDNA clone was constructed using JE04-1601S_p12 as a template. It was able to produce an infectious virus, and viral protein expression was detectable in the transfected PLC/PRF/5 cells and culture supernatants. Consistently, HEV-1 growth was also not fully supported in the cell culture of cDNA-derived JE04-1601S_p12 progenies, potentially recapitulating the narrow tropism of HEV-1 observed in vivo. The availability of an efficient cell culture system for HEV-1 and its infectious cDNA clone will be useful for studying HEV species tropism and mechanisms underlying severe hepatitis in HEV-1-infected pregnant women as well as for discovering and developing safer treatment options for this condition.

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Isolation and Genome Sequencing of Hepatitis E Virus Genotype 1 Imported from India to Japan

Cited by 3 publications

References 11 publications

Nationwide epidemiologic and genetic surveillance of hepatitis E in Japan, 2014–2021

Nationwide epidemiologic and genetic surveillance of hepatitis E in Japan, 2014–2021

Recent advances in hepatitis E virus research and the Japanese clinical practice guidelines for hepatitis E virus infection

Development and Characterization of Efficient Cell Culture Systems for Genotype 1 Hepatitis E Virus and Its Infectious cDNA Clone

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