Isolation and Identification of Antitrypanosomal and Antimycobacterial Active Steroids from the Sponge Haliclona simulans

Abstract

The marine sponge Haliclona simulans collected from the Irish Sea yielded two new steroids: 24-vinyl-cholest-9-ene-3β,24-diol and 20-methyl-pregn-6-en-3β-ol,5α,8α-epidioxy, along with the widely distributed 24-methylenecholesterol. One of the steroids possesses an unusually short hydrocarbon side chain. The structures were elucidated using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and confirmed using electron impact- and high resolution electrospray-mass spectrometry. All three steroids possess antitrypanosomal and anti-mycobacterial activity. All the steroids were found to possess low cytotoxicity against Hs27 which was above their detected antitrypanosomal potent concentrations.

Ergosterol isolated from the basidiomycete Pleurotus salmoneostramineus affects Trypanosoma cruzi plasma membrane and mitochondria

“…Interestingly, ergosterol itself can be trypanocidal at unusual levels from its natural metabolism [22, 38, 39]. For example, T. cruzi amastigotes had 94% of growth inhibited by 10 μM of ergosterol [40].…”

Exploring Valuable Lipids in Diatoms

“…Other minor sterols such as stanols or 7-sterols have also been found in a small number of species. Although there is still not sufficient information about chemical profiling of sterols in diatoms, sterols and their derivatives were found to have important bioactivities such as cytotoxic, anti-inflammatory, antitrypanosomal, and antimycobacterial properties (Viegelmann et al, 2014).…”

“…c (Yongmanitchai and Ward, 1992;Plouguerné et al, 2014;d'ippolito et al, 2015;da Costa et al, 2016). d (Volkman et al, 1998;Viegelmann et al, 2014). e (Paul and Fenical, 1986;Nappez et al, 1996;Girona et al, 1997;Caldwell, 2009;Lauritano et al, 2016).…”

Marine Pharmacology in 2014–2015: Marine Compounds with Antibacterial, Antidiabetic, Antifungal, Anti-Inflammatory, Antiprotozoal, Antituberculosis, Antiviral, and Anthelmintic Activities; Affecting the Immune and Nervous Systems, and Other Miscellaneous Mechanisms of Action

“…Thao and colleagues isolated the terpenoid astropectenol A (98) from a Vietnamese marine sea star Astropecten polyacanthus, and observed significant activity against T. cruzi and T. brucei brucei [98]. Viegelmann and colleagues identified a new saringosterol derivative (99) from the Irish marine sponge Haliclona simulans, which demonstrated antitrypanosomal activity against T. brucei brucei [99]. Using genome-directed lead discovery, Schulze and colleagues contributed a novel polyene macrolactam lobosamide A (100) from a marine actinobacterium Micronospora sp.…”