Isolation and Identification of Enterobacteriaceae from Raw Horsemeat intended for Human Consumption (Basashi)

Furuhata, Katsunori; Ishizaki, Naoto; Sugi, Yutaka; Fukuyama, Masafumi

doi:10.4265/bio.19.181

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…In addition, H. alvei , the second most frequently isolated species from retail meat in the present study, was resistant to CTX, CAZ, NAL, and TET and showed one MDR isolate ( Table 2 ). In another study, H. alvei isolated from raw horsemeat was found resistant to fosfomycin but susceptible to CTX, NAL CAZ, and TET [ 13 ]. The Proteus spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, bacteria developing resistance to potent and relatively novel antimicrobial agents can be tracked and the underlying mechanism can be examined. Several studies have reported that Enterobacterales isolated from retail meat products are resistant to third-generation cephalosporins, carbapenems, and other classes of antimicrobial agents [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ]. Enterobacterales can rapidly develop resistance via the transfer of AMR plasmids [ 16 , 17 , 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Third-Generation Cephalosporin Resistance in Intrinsic Colistin-Resistant Enterobacterales Isolated from Retail Meat

et al. 2021

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Consumption of retail meat contaminated with antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) bacteria is a common route for transmitting clinically relevant resistant bacteria to humans. Here, we investigated the genotypic and phenotypic resistance profiles of intrinsic colistin-resistant (ICR) Enterobacterales isolated from retail meats. ICR Enterobacterales were isolated from 103 samples of chicken, 103 samples of pork, and 104 samples of beef purchased from retail shops in Japan, using colistin-containing media, and their antimicrobial susceptibility was examined. Serratia spp. (440 isolates) showed resistance to cefotaxime (19 isolates, 4.3%), tetracycline (15 isolates, 3.4%), and other antimicrobials (<1%). Hafnia spp. (136) showed resistance to cefotaxime (12 isolates, 8.6%), ceftazidime (four isolates, 2.9%), and tetracycline (two isolates, 1.4%). Proteus spp. (39) showed resistance to chloramphenicol (four isolates, 10.3%), sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (four isolates, 10.3%), cefotaxime (two isolates, 5.1%), kanamycin (two isolates, 5.1%), and gentamicin (one isolate, 2.6%). Cedecea spp. (22) were resistant to tetracycline (two isolates, 9.1%) whereas Morganella spp. (11) were resistant to tetracycline (four isolates, 36.4%) and chloramphenicol (one isolate, 9.2%). The resistance genes blafonA, blaACC, and blaDHA were detected in cefotaxime-resistant Serratia spp., Hafnia spp., and Morganella spp. isolates, respectively. This emergence of antimicrobial resistance in ICR Enterobacterales may pose a public health risk.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Third-Generation Cephalosporin Resistance in Intrinsic Colistin-Resistant Enterobacterales Isolated from Retail Meat

et al. 2021

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“…The trade of racehorses is a potential route for the dissemination of MGBB from one place to another [ 13 , 58 ]. The cross-contamination of horse meat by COL-r organisms during slaughter, especially in unhygienic slaughterhouses, is a risk for further transmission of MGBB through the local or international horse meat trade [ 16 , 26 , 34 , 59 ]. Slaughterhouse personnel handling horse carcasses/meat, especially those with poor infection prevention control (such as poor hand hygiene and personal hygiene) and those who fail to wear personal protective equipment, are at risk of infection by COL-r organisms [ 26 ].…”

Section: Possible Sources Transmission Routes and Impacts Of ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In developing countries, slaughterhouse wastes, such as the internal organs of slaughtered animals, constitute an important source of animal protein for dogs, and horse meat is a potential source of protein in pet foods. The handling and consumption of contaminated raw and undercooked horse meat by humans and possibly carnivores (following the consumption of horse meat that may be used in pet foods) is also a putative risk for the acquisition of MGBB [ 16 , 59 , 60 ].…”

Section: Possible Sources Transmission Routes and Impacts Of ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology and Traits of Mobile Colistin Resistance (mcr) Gene-Bearing Organisms from Horses

et al. 2022

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Mobile colistin resistance (mcr) genes (mcr-1 to mcr-10) threaten the efficacy of colistin (COL), a polymyxin antibiotic that is used as a last-line agent for the treatment of deadly infections caused by multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant bacteria in humans and animals. COL has been used for more than 60 years for the prophylactic control and treatment of infections in livestock husbandry but not in horses. Polymyxin B is used for the prophylactic control and empirical treatment of infections in horses without conducting sensitivity tests. The lack of sensitivity testing exerts selection pressure for the acquisition of the mcr gene. By horizontal transfer, mcr-1, mcr-5, and mcr-9 have disseminated among horse populations globally and are harbored by Escherichia coli, Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Citrobacter, and Salmonella species. Conjugative plasmids, insertion sequences, and transposons are the backbone of mcr genes in the isolates, which co-express genes conferring multi- to extensive-drug resistance, including genes encoding extended-spectrum β-lactamase, ampicillinase C, fosfomycin, and fluoroquinolone resistance, and virulence genes. The transmission of mcr genes to/among bacterial strains of equine origin is non-clonal. Contact with horses, horse manure, feed/drinking water, farmers, farmers’ clothing/farm equipment, the consumption of contaminated horse meat and its associated products, and the trading of horses, horse meat, and their associated products are routes for the transmission of mcr-gene-bearing bacteria in, to, and from the equine industry.

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T6SS-Mediated Molecular Interaction Mechanism of Host Immune Response to Rahnella aquatilis Infection in Fish

Jin,

Hu,

Cao

et al. 2024

Fishes

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Rahnella aquatilis is an emerging pathogen in fish that poses a potential risk to human and public health. However, its pathogenicity and molecular interaction mechanism with the fish host are still poorly understood. For this study, we conducted analyses into the artificial infection, bacterial load, histopathological observation, and molecular characterization of T6SS, as well as its mediated host immune response to R. aquatilis infection. The results showed that the R. aquatilis KCL-5 strain had high pathogenicity in teleosts, such as the cyprinid fish crucian carp Carassius auratus and the zebrafish Danio rerio, as well as a macrophage infection model that was successfully established, both in vivo and in vitro. A significant time-dependent increase in bacterial distribution in the infected tissues of crucian carp was examined using real-time qPCR and immunohistochemical analysis. The recombinant plasmid pET32a-hcp of T6SS was constructed and the fusion protein was of the expected size of 35.9 kD, as shown by SDS-PAGE and Western blot analysis. Moreover, the single-cell identification of kidney-derived Mφ/Mo cells was achieved, defined with the potential cellular marker gene expression in each cell and the genes’ expression of bacterial chemotaxis and flagellar assembly, inflammation, and PRRs, as well as the T6SS-mediated interaction between fish host cells and KCL-5, which was verified by multi-omics analysis. To our knowledge, this is the first report of T6SS/PAMPs-PRRs pathways related to the emerging R. aquatilis pathogen–host interaction mechanism in fish.

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Isolation and Identification of Enterobacteriaceae from Raw Horsemeat intended for Human Consumption (Basashi)

Cited by 5 publications

References 13 publications

Third-Generation Cephalosporin Resistance in Intrinsic Colistin-Resistant Enterobacterales Isolated from Retail Meat

Third-Generation Cephalosporin Resistance in Intrinsic Colistin-Resistant Enterobacterales Isolated from Retail Meat

Epidemiology and Traits of Mobile Colistin Resistance (mcr) Gene-Bearing Organisms from Horses

T6SS-Mediated Molecular Interaction Mechanism of Host Immune Response to Rahnella aquatilis Infection in Fish

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