Isolation and identification of <i>Pseudomonas syringae</i> pv. <i>aesculi</i> causing bleeding canker of horse chestnut in the UK

Webber, Joan; Parkinson, Neil; Rose, Joan; Stanford, H.; Cook, R. T. A.; Elphinstone, J. G.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-3059.2007.01754.x

Cited by 41 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…aesculi is a new causal agent of a disease on horse chestnut in the European Union. Inoculations of UK isolates of this pathogen into 5‐year‐old A. hippocastanum saplings resulted in necrotic bark lesions around the inoculation points with some bleeding, and re‐isolation confirmed Koch’s postulates ( Webber et al. 2007).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 56%

Pseudomonas syringae pv. aesculi associated with horse chestnut bleeding canker in Germany

Schmidt

Dujesiefken²,

Stobbe³

et al. 2008

Forest Pathology

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Bacteria were isolated from necrotic lesions on a horse chestnut tree (Aesculus hippocastanum) with bleeding canker in Hamburg, Germany. Sequencing of the rDNA-ITS region revealed great similarity to pathovars of Pseudomonas syringae. Pseudomonas syringae pv. aesculi was identified by sequence homology of the gyrase B gene. This is the first report of P. syringae pv. aesculi in Germany. Phytophthora was not detected.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 56%

Pseudomonas syringae pv. aesculi associated with horse chestnut bleeding canker in Germany

Schmidt

Dujesiefken²,

Stobbe³

et al. 2008

Forest Pathology

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“…Because of both the observed positive correlation between motility and resistance to phages and the epidemiological significance of the species (Hirano and Upper, 2000;Webber et al, 2008;Green et al, 2009), we chose to focus exclusively on 10 bacterial isolates from the leaf interior that had 499% sequence similarity to known isolates of P. syringae. Importantly, these isolates were all sampled from separate leaves to decrease the probability of pseudoreplication.…”

Section: Selection Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using experimental evolution to explore natural patterns between bacterial motility and resistance to bacteriophages

et al. 2011

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Resistance of bacteria to phages may be gained by alteration of surface proteins to which phages bind, a mechanism that is likely to be costly as these molecules typically have critical functions such as movement or nutrient uptake. To address this potential trade-off, we combine a systematic study of natural bacteria and phage populations with an experimental evolution approach. We compare motility, growth rate and susceptibility to local phages for 80 bacteria isolated from horse chestnut leaves and, contrary to expectation, find no negative association between resistance to phages and bacterial motility or growth rate. However, because correlational patterns (and their absence) are open to numerous interpretations, we test for any causal association between resistance to phages and bacterial motility using experimental evolution of a subset of bacteria in both the presence and absence of naturally associated phages. Again, we find no clear link between the acquisition of resistance and bacterial motility, suggesting that for these natural bacterial populations, phagemediated selection is unlikely to shape bacterial motility, a key fitness trait for many bacteria in the phyllosphere. The agreement between the observed natural pattern and the experimental evolution results presented here demonstrates the power of this combined approach for testing evolutionary trade-offs.

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“…Pseudomonas syringae and Botrytis cinerea are prime examples of such microorganisms for which dissemination history cannot be observed directly. These plant pathogens generate losses on a wide range of crops, for example, on kiwifruit, horse chestnut or tomato for P. syringae (Webber et al, 2008;Kunkeaw et al, 2010;Mazzaglia et al, 2012), or on tomato, raspberry and wine grapes for B. cinerea (Williamson et al, 2007). Both of these plant pathogens are aerially disseminated, have a saprophytic lifestyle and include many lineages characterized by wide host range (Holz et al, 2004;Morris et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Features of air masses associated with the deposition of Pseudomonas syringae and Botrytis cinerea by rain and snowfall

Monteil¹,

Bardin²,

Morris³

2014

The ISME Journal

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Clarifying the role of precipitation in microbial dissemination is essential for elucidating the processes involved in disease emergence and spread. The ecology of Pseudomonas syringae and its presence throughout the water cycle makes it an excellent model to address this issue. In this study, 90 samples of freshly fallen rain and snow collected from 2005-2011 in France were analyzed for microbiological composition. The conditions favorable for dissemination of P. syringae by this precipitation were investigated by (i) estimating the physical properties and backward trajectories of the air masses associated with each precipitation event and by (ii) characterizing precipitation chemistry, and genetic and phenotypic structures of populations. A parallel study with the fungus Botrytis cinerea was also performed for comparison. Results showed that (i) the relationship of P. syringae to precipitation as a dissemination vector is not the same for snowfall and rainfall, whereas it is the same for B. cinerea and (ii) the occurrence of P. syringae in precipitation can be linked to electrical conductivity and pH of water, the trajectory of the air mass associated with the precipitation and certain physical conditions of the air mass (i.e. temperature, solar radiation exposure, distance traveled), whereas these predictions are different for B. cinerea. These results are pertinent to understanding microbial survival, emission sources and atmospheric processes and how they influence microbial dissemination.

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Isolation and identification of Pseudomonas syringae pv. aesculi causing bleeding canker of horse chestnut in the UK

Cited by 41 publications

References 2 publications

Pseudomonas syringae pv. aesculi associated with horse chestnut bleeding canker in Germany

Pseudomonas syringae pv. aesculi associated with horse chestnut bleeding canker in Germany

Using experimental evolution to explore natural patterns between bacterial motility and resistance to bacteriophages

Features of air masses associated with the deposition of Pseudomonas syringae and Botrytis cinerea by rain and snowfall

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