Isolation and identification of infectious bronchitis virus from pheasants

Gough, R. E.; Cox, William J.; Winkler, C. E.; Sharp, MW; Spackman, D

doi:10.1136/vr.138.9.208

Cited by 62 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…We were also able to propagate viable coronaviruses from the RT-PCR-positive samples by passage in chick embryos. Although coronaviruses from chickens, turkeys, pheasants, pigeons and guineafowl can be propagated in chick embryos (Lister et al, 1985;Barr et al, 1988;Ito et al, 1991;Gough et al, 1996), there can be differences in yields between isolates. For example, the turkey coronaviruses replicate to about 10 4 -fold higher titres in turkey embryos than in chick embryos (Adams & Hofstad, 1971).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation of avian infectious bronchitis coronavirus from domestic peafowl (Pavo cristatus) and teal (Anas)

Liu

Chen

et al. 2005

Journal of General Virology

132

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Coronavirus-like viruses, designated peafowl/China/LKQ3/2003 (pf/CH/LKQ3/03) and teal/China/LDT3/2003 (tl/CH/LDT3/03), were isolated from a peafowl and a teal during virological surveillance in Guangdong province, China. Partial genomic sequence analysis showed that these isolates had the S-3-M-5-N gene order that is typical of avian coronaviruses. The spike, membrane and nucleocapsid protein genes of pf/CH/LKQ3/03 had >99 % identity to those of the avian infectious bronchitis coronavirus H120 vaccine strain (Massachusetts serotype) and other Massachusetts serotype isolates. Furthermore, when pf/CH/LKQ3/03 was inoculated experimentally into chickens (specific-pathogen-free), no disease signs were apparent. tl/CH/LDT3/03 had a spike protein gene with 95 % identity to that of a Chinese infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) isolate, although more extensive sequencing revealed the possibility that this strain may have undergone recombination. When inoculated into chickens, tl/CH/LDT3/03 resulted in the death of birds from nephritis. Taken together, this information suggests that pf/CH/LKQ3/03 might be a revertant, attenuated vaccine IBV strain, whereas tl/CH/LDT3/03 is a nephropathogenic field IBV strain, generated through recombination. The replication and non-pathogenic nature of IBV in domestic peafowl and teal under field conditions raises questions as to the role of these hosts as carriers of IBV and the potential that they may have to transmit virus to susceptible chicken populations. INTRODUCTIONCoronaviruses (family Coronaviridae) belong to the order Nidovirales and contain a positive-stranded RNA genome that ranges from 27 to 31 kb in size (Cavanagh, 1997). Members of the family Coronaviridae infect a wide range of hosts and have been classified into three groups on the basis of antigenicity, genome organization and sequence similarity. Usually, coronaviruses infect only their normal target host species. It has, however, been reported that some strains of canine coronavirus and human coronavirus 229E can infect other, non-target species without causing disease (Barlough et al., 1984(Barlough et al., , 1985. The recent emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARSCoV), which has been classified tentatively into group 2, has focused a great deal of interest on this virus family (Holmes, 2003). It was reported that SARS-CoV-like viruses were isolated from Himalayan palm civets (Guan et al., 2003) and ferrets (Mustela furo). Moreover, domestic cats (Felis domesticus) are susceptible to infection by SARSCoV, suggesting that the reservoir for this pathogen might involve a range of animal species (Martina et al., 2003).Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), together with genetically related coronaviruses of turkey and pheasant, belongs to the group 3 coronaviruses. IBV is a pleomorphic, enveloped virus with club-shaped surface projections (spikes) and a single-stranded, positive-sense RNA genome of >27 kb in length (Boursnell et al., 1987). Upon virus entry into cells, a 39-coterminal nested set of six ...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation of avian infectious bronchitis coronavirus from domestic peafowl (Pavo cristatus) and teal (Anas)

Liu

Chen

et al. 2005

Journal of General Virology

132

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“…Chickens were believed to be the only natural host for IBV. However, pheasants also have been shown to be susceptible to IBV infection (Spackman & Cameron, 1983;Gough et al, 1996). Experimental attempts to infect a variety of other avian species, including turkeys, have been unsuccessful.…”

Section: Host Range and Tissue Tropismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Turkey coronavirus is more closely related to avian infectious bronchitis virus than to mammalian coronaviruses: A review

Guy

2000

Avian Pathology

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Turkey coronavirus (TCoV) is the cause of an acute highly contagious enteric disease of turkeys. In recent years, TCoV has been increasingly recognized in North America as an important pathogen of young turkeys, resulting in economic loss due to impaired growth and poor feed conversion. While the epidemiology and pathogenesis of TCoV have been extensively studied, TCoV remains one of the least characterized of the known coronaviruses.Avian and mammalian coronaviruses have been subdivided into distinct antigenic/genotypic groups; however, classification of TCoV has been controversial. Previous studies indicated that TCoV was closely related to bovine coronavirus and other group 2 mammalian coronaviruses, but more recent antigenic and genome sequence analyses contradict these findings and, instead, provide evidence that TCoV is closely related to avian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV). Additionally, experimental studies have indicated that the host range of TCoV, once thought to be restricted to turkeys, includes chickens. These studies have raised additional questions regarding the classification of TCoV; particularly, whether IBV and TCoV are taxonomically distinct viruses, or whether TCoV is merely a variant of IBV.Sequence analyses of TCoV have given credence to the idea that TCoV is a variant of IBV, as these studies have shown that TCoV and IBV are very closely related. However, these studies have been limited to only three TCoV strains and relatively small portions of the TCoV genome. TCoV is readily distinguished from IBV based on antigenic and biological differences, and these differences suggest that TCoV should be considered a distinct virus species.Additional studies will be needed to better define the relationship between TCoV and IBV, and to resolve this taxonomic question. Based on our current understanding, it seems prudent to consider TCoV and IBV as distinct virus species that share a close phylogenetic relationship and together comprise group 3 of the coronavirus major antigenic groups.

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“…Avian infectious bronchitis virus (AIB), a coronavirus, causes acute, highly contagious upper respiratory disease, decreased egg production and quality, decreased growth rates and chick mortality as high as 25% in domestic chickens (Cavanagh and Naqi 1997). Coronaviruses have also been isolated in domestic turkeys (Nagaraja and Pomeroy 1997), pheasants (Phasianus colchicus) (Spackman and Cameron 1983;Gough et al 1996) and lesser prairie chickens (Tympanuchus pallidicinctus) . As yet unpublished research (Dunbar and Gregg unpublished report), detected positive antibody titers to AIB in greater sage-grouse surveyed in southeastern Oregon and northwestern Nevada in 2003.…”

Section: Predation Parasites and Pathogens 10 -11mentioning

confidence: 99%

Broad-Scale Assessment of Rangeland Health, Grand Staircase–Escalante National Monument, USA

Miller

2008

Rangeland Ecology & Management

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Isolation and identification of infectious bronchitis virus from pheasants

Cited by 62 publications

References 6 publications

Isolation of avian infectious bronchitis coronavirus from domestic peafowl (Pavo cristatus) and teal (Anas)

Isolation of avian infectious bronchitis coronavirus from domestic peafowl (Pavo cristatus) and teal (Anas)

Turkey coronavirus is more closely related to avian infectious bronchitis virus than to mammalian coronaviruses: A review

Broad-Scale Assessment of Rangeland Health, Grand Staircase–Escalante National Monument, USA

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