Isolation and Identification of Nontuberculous Mycobacteria From Water and Soil in Central India

Narang, Rahul; Narang, P; Mendiratta, DK

doi:10.4103/0255-0857.53208

Cited by 22 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…As recently reviewed, IGRAs have very high specificity and are unaffected by prior BCG vaccination or sensitization to non-tuberculosis-mycobacteria (NTM) [6], [17]. Such assays might be mostly appropriate in India because a great majority of individuals have been vaccinated with BCG [18] and NTM infection is also highly prevalent [19]. By this study, we confirmed the data generated in India showing that QFT-GIT positivity is significantly associated with HIV-uninfected active-TB patients [20].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Toolbox for Tuberculosis (TB) Diagnosis: An Indian Multicentric Study (2006–2008). Evaluation of QuantiFERON-TB Gold in Tube for TB Diagnosis

Lagrange

Thangaraj²,

Dayal

et al. 2013

PLoS ONE

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BackgroundThe aim of this multicentric prospective study in India was to assess the performance of the QuantiFERON TB-Gold in tube (QFT-GIT), Tuberculin Skin Test (TST) and microbiological results as additional tools for diagnosing active tuberculosis (TB) and latent infection (LTBI) according to Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) status.MethodsIndividuals with and without active TB and HIV infection were enrolled between 2006–2008. QFT-GIT and TST results were analyzed per se and in combination with microbiological data.ResultsAmong the 276 individuals (96 active pulmonary TB and 180 no active TB) tested by QFT-GIT, 18 indeterminate results (6.5%) were found, more significantly numerous in the HIV-infected (15/92; 16.3%) than the HIV-uninfected (3/184; 1.6%)(p<0.0001). QFT-GIT sensitivity for active TB was 82.3% and 92.9% respectively after including or excluding indeterminate results. Clinical sensitivity was significantly lower in the HIV-infected (68.4%) than the HIV-uninfected (91.4%) patients (p = 0.0059). LTBI was detected in 49.3% of subjects without active TB but varied according to TB exposure. When the TST and QFT-GIT were concomitantly performed, the respective sensitivity for active TB diagnosis was 95.0% and 85.0% in the HIV-uninfected (p = 0.60), and 66.7% and 51.5% in the HIV-infected patients (p = 0.32). QFT-GIT and TST respective specificity for active TB in the HIV-uninfected was 25.0% and 57.1% (p = 0.028), and 64.8% and 83.3% in the HIV-infected (p = 0.047). In those with active TB, QFT-GIT results were not associated with microbiological parameters (smear grade, liquid culture status, time-to-positivity of culture) or clinical suspicion of active TB score (provided by the clinicians at enrollment). Combining microbiological tests with both immunological tests significantly increased sensitivity for active TB diagnosis (p = 0.0002), especially in the HIV-infected individuals (p = 0.0016).ConclusionQFT-GIT and TST have similar diagnostic value for active TB diagnosis. In HIV-infected patients, combining microbiological tests with both immunological tests significantly increases the sensitivity for active TB diagnosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Toolbox for Tuberculosis (TB) Diagnosis: An Indian Multicentric Study (2006–2008). Evaluation of QuantiFERON-TB Gold in Tube for TB Diagnosis

Lagrange

Thangaraj²,

Dayal

et al. 2013

PLoS ONE

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“…They are recovered from soil and fresh water environments where free-living amoeba (FLA) are also living [1], [2], [3]. Co-isolation of mycobacteria and FLA collected from such environmental sources has been reported [4], [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acanthamoeba polyphaga-Enhanced Growth of Mycobacterium smegmatis

2012

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Background Mycobacterium smegmatis is a rapidly-growing mycobacterium causing rare opportunistic infections in human patients. It is present in soil and water environments where free-living amoeba also reside, but data regarding M. smegmatis-amoeba relationships have been contradictory from mycobacteria destruction to mycobacteria survival.Methodology/Principal FindingsUsing optic and electron microscopy and culture-based microbial enumeration we investigated the ability of M. smegmatis mc2 155, M. smegmatis ATCC 19420T and M. smegmatis ATCC 27204 organisms to survive into Acanthamoeba polyphaga trophozoites and cysts. We observed that M. smegmatis mycobacteria penetrated and survived in A. polyphaga trophozoites over five-day co-culture resulting in amoeba lysis and the release of viable M. smegmatis mycobacteria without amoebal cyst formation. We further observed that amoeba-co-culture, and lysed amoeba and supernatant and pellet, significantly increased five-day growth of the three tested M. smegmatis strains, including a four-fold increase in intra-amoebal growth.Conclusions/SignificanceAmoebal co-culture increases the growth of M. smegmatis resulting in amoeba killing by replicating M. smegmatis mycobacteria. This amoeba-M. smegmatis co-culture system illustrates an unusual paradigm in the mycobacteria-amoeba interactions as mycobacteria have been mainly regarded as amoeba-resistant organisms. Using these model organisms, this co-culture system could be used as a simple and rapid model to probe mycobacterial factors implicated in the intracellular growth of mycobacteria.

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“…However, recovery of NTM from soil is relatively difficult because NTM attach to soil particles (Falkinham 2002) and the surface soil contains non-mycobacteria at concentrations of approximately 10 8 cells/cm 3 (Whitman et al 1998), which may overgrow in NTM isolation. Several studies have focused on the comparison and optimization of soil decontamination methods (Portaels et al 1988; Kamala et al 1994a; Livanainen 1995; Parashar et al 2004) and the development of media with enhanced selectivity (Ichiyama et al 1988; Chilima et al 2006; Narang et al 2009; Aboagye et al 2016) for NTM; however, no robust and standardized method for the primary isolation of NTM from soil is yet available.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation of nontuberculous mycobacteria from soil using Middlebrook 7H10 agar with increased malachite green concentration

Zhao

et al. 2017

AMB Expr

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Environmental exposure is considered to be responsible for nontuberculous mycobacterial infections in humans. To facilitate the isolation of mycobacteria from soil, Middlebrook 7H10 agar was optimized as an enhanced selective medium by increasing the concentration of malachite green. A series of modified Middlebrook 7H10 agar media with malachite green concentrations ranging from 2.5 to 2500 mg/L was evaluated using 20 soil samples decontaminated with 3% sodium dodecyl sulfate plus 2% NaOH for 30 min. Among these modified Middlebrook 7H10 media, the medium with malachite green at a concentration of 250 mg/L, i.e., at the same concentration as in Löwenstein–Jensen medium, was the most effective in terms of the number of plates with mycobacterial growth. This medium was further evaluated with 116 soil samples. The results showed that 87.1% (101/116) of the samples produced mycobacterial growth, and 15 samples (12.9%) produced no mycobacterial growth. Of the plates inoculated with the soil samples, each in duplicate, 5.2% (12/232) showed late contamination. In total, 19 mycobacterial species were isolated, including seven (36.8%) rapidly growing mycobacteria and 12 (63.2%) slowly growing mycobacteria. Our results demonstrate that the modified Middlebrook 7H10 agar with 250 mg/L malachite green is useful for the primary isolation of nontuberculous mycobacteria from soil.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13568-017-0373-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Isolation and Identification of Nontuberculous Mycobacteria From Water and Soil in Central India

Cited by 22 publications

References 10 publications

A Toolbox for Tuberculosis (TB) Diagnosis: An Indian Multicentric Study (2006–2008). Evaluation of QuantiFERON-TB Gold in Tube for TB Diagnosis

A Toolbox for Tuberculosis (TB) Diagnosis: An Indian Multicentric Study (2006–2008). Evaluation of QuantiFERON-TB Gold in Tube for TB Diagnosis

Acanthamoeba polyphaga-Enhanced Growth of Mycobacterium smegmatis

Isolation of nontuberculous mycobacteria from soil using Middlebrook 7H10 agar with increased malachite green concentration

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