Isolation and molecular characterization of Rem2 isoforms in the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss): Tissue and central nervous system expression

Hollis, David M.; Sawa, Yuri; Wagoner, Ashley L.; Rawlings, Jason S.; Goetz, Frederick W.

doi:10.1016/j.cbpb.2011.09.011

Cited by 13 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…The cerebellum, in particular, was nearly lacking in detectable rem2 expression levels. This pattern is consistent with the patterns of expression of rem2 isoforms in the trout using Taqman probes (Hollis et al, 2012). The significantly high levels of rem2 seen in the cerebrum, as well as the near absence of observed rem2 expression in the cerebellum are consistent with the pattern seen in the brain of an amphibian (DeRocher et al, 2014).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Primers were designed from the full-length trout rem2 gene, of which there are currently two catalogued isoforms (accession no. JN175327 and JN175328) that share the same patterns of brain expression (Hollis et al 2012) Thus, the primers were designed from regions of the isoforms that share 100% identity to ensure the amplification of both so as to identify total rem2 expression. The isolated fragment (128bp) was within the open reading frame of both as well.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rem2 has been well-characterized and appears conserved as it has been isolated in different classes of vertebrates including mammals and fish (Klein et al, 2002; Edel et al, 2010b; Hollis et al, 2012; DeRocher et al 2014). Because Rem2 regulates voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs), it enables Ca 2+ to influence neurotransmitter release.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, it also influences cell division, differentiation, migration, and death, of which, tremendous discrepancies between the mammalian and fish brain exist (Zupanc, 1999; Ferretti, 2011). Rem2, unlike other RGK members, is characterized by having high expression levels in neural tissue relative to other tissues, which is conserved between mammals and fish, as well as amphibians (Finlin et al, 2000; Hollis et al 2012; DeRocher et al, 2014). However, comparative data regarding the specific regional distribution of rem2 in the central nervous system between the vertebrate classes is lacking.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In mammals, expression of rem2 was described in the forebrain (Becker et al, 2008), however, recent work has shown that, not only does the distribution of rem2 occur throughout the major subdivisions of the mammalian central nervous system, but there are profound differences in its level of expression between specific brain areas (Liput et al, 2016). While the distribution of rem2 in the major subdivisions of the central nervous system has been examined in both developing and adult fish (Edel et al, 2010b; Hollis et al, 2012), as well as in an adult amphibian (DeRocher et al, 2014), the specific regional localization of rem2 throughout the adult anamniotic vertebrate central nervous system has yet to be examined.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Localization of rem2 in the central nervous system of the adult rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Downs

Scholles

Hollis

2016

Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy

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Rem2 is member of the RGK (Rem, Rad, and Gem/Kir) subfamily of the Ras superfamily of GTP binding proteins known to influence Ca2+ entry into the cell. In addition, Rem2, which is found at high levels in the vertebrate brain, is also implicated in cell proliferation and synapse formation. Though the specific, regional localization of Rem2 in the adult mammalian central nervous system has been well-described, such information is lacking in other vertebrates. We sought to localize rem2 gene expression in the central nervous system. Because Rem2 is involved in neuronal processes where differences in the capacities between adults of the different vertebrate classes exist, we sought to localize the rem2 gene in the central nervous system of an adult anamniotic vertebrate, the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). In situ hybridization using a digoxigenin (DIG)-labeled RNA probe was used to identify the regional distribution of rem2 expression throughout the trout central nervous system, while real-time polymerase chain reaction (rtPCR) further supported these findings. Based on in situ hybridization, the regional distribution of rem2 occurred within each major subdivision of the brain and included large populations of rem2 expressing cells in the dorsal telencephalon of the cerebrum, the internal cellular layer of the olfactory bulb, and the optic tectum of the midbrain. In contrast, no rem2 expressing cells were resolved within the cerebellum. These results were corroborated by rtPCR, where differential rem2 expression occurred between the major subdivisions assayed with the highest levels being found in the cerebrum, while it was nearly absent in the cerebellum. These data indicate that rem2 gene expression is broadly distributed and likely influences diverse functions in the adult fish central nervous system.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%