Isolation and molecular characterization of Orf virus from natural outbreaks in goats of Assam

Bora, Mousumi; Bora, Durlav Prasad; Barman, Nagendra Nath; Borah, Biswajyoti; Bora, Padma Lochan; Talukdar, A.; Tamuly, Shantanu

doi:10.1007/s13337-015-0255-y

Cited by 15 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Clinical signs of orf infection was used to identify animals with CE. Typical Orf virus CPE was observed in LT and MDCK cells as reported previously [4,19,26]. These include ballooning, rounding and degeneration of cells as early as 3 days post inoculation.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

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Isolation and phylogenetic analysis of caprine Orf virus in Malaysia

et al. 2015

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Orf virus is a DNA virus that causes contiguous ecthyma in goat and sheep. Infection of animals with this virus cause high mortality in young animals resulting in huge economic losses. In this study, we investigated an outbreak of Orf in a goat farm in Malaysia. Samples were collected from infected animals and viral isolation was done using both LT and MDCK cell lines. Molecular detection was done by conventional PCR for specific primers; B2L and F1L genes and phylogenetic analysis was done on the sequence data obtained. Cytopathic effects (CPE) were observed in both cell lines after 3 days of inoculation and were 50 % by the sixth day. PCR showed positive bands for both B2L and F1L genes and phylogenetic analysis showed that the Malaysian strain had close homology to the Chinese and Indian Orf virus isolates. This study gives more insight into the existing Orf viral strains in Malaysia and their relationship with other strains globally.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…Cell culture method is a time consuming method used for viral isolation [4,27]. However, PCR technique has been used as a faster and more effective method of Orf virus detection [14].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and phylogenetic analysis of caprine Orf virus in Malaysia

et al. 2015

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“…during the months of August to January. Similar outbreaks of orf had been reported from different parts of India viz., Uttarakhand (Venkatesan et al, 2011), Assam (Bora et al, 2015), Uttar Pradesh (Kumar et al, 2014), Rajasthan (Mann et al, 2014).The scab samples were collected from different areas of the outbreak. A total of 9 scab samples were collected and processed.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

First report of contagious ecthyma (orf) outbreak in goats of Andaman and Nicobar Islands

Sunder

Shunmugaperumal

et al. 2019

IJAR

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Goat constitutes almost 42.1 % of the total livestock population of the A and N islands. Generally the livestock are free from many dreaded diseases which are prevalent in mainland, India. However, in the present study the outbreak of contagious ecthyma (Orf) in goats of Andaman and Nicobar Islands was investigated and confirmed by PCR assay. The outbreak of orf was reported from different villages of the South Andaman. A total of 171 clinical cases of contagious ecthyma were reported during the different outbreak reported during the year 2017. The scab samples from the affected goats were collected and processed for extraction of viral DNA. Nested PCR assay was done by using the forward and reverse primers of parapox virus. The results revealed the confirmation of the outbreak of Contagious ecthyma (orf) virus in the goats of Andaman and Nicobar Islands for the first time.

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“…Since 2010, ORFV has rapidly increased in many countries, especially in China and India, and is now the predominant PPV species in farmed sheep [51][52][53][54][55][56]. It indicated that under the selective pressure of the optimal gene pattern by going through the selective bottleneck the ORFV eventually became the dominant species during the 2010 -2018 outbreak.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic features and evolution of the Parapoxvirus during the past two decades

Yao

Pang

Wang

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Parapoxvirus (PPV) has been identified in most mammals and poses a great threat to both the livestock production and public health. However, it is still not fully understood the viral prevalence and evolution of PPV coding sequences. Here, we performed a comparative approach integrating viral genetics, molecular selection pressure and genomic structure to investigate the genomic features and evolution of PPVs. We noticed that although there were significant differences of GC contents between ORFV and other three species of PPVs, all PPVs showed almost identical nucleotide bias, that is GC richness. This reflected a common mechanism which determines GC compositions for virus with similar life cycles. The structural analysis of PPV genomes showed the divergence of different PPV species, which may due to the specific adaptation to their natural hosts. Additionally, we estimated the phylogenetic diversity of segmented genome of PPV. Our results suggested that during the 2010 – 2018 outbreak, the orf virus has been the dominant species under the selective pressure of the optimal gene patterns. Furthermore, we found the mean substitution rates were between 3.56×10-5 to 4.21×10-4 in different PPV segments, and the PPV VIR gene was evolved at the highest substitution rate. In these protein-coding regions, purifying selection was the major evolutionary pressure, while the GIF and VIR genes suffered the greatest positive selection pressure. These results may provide useful knowledge on the virus genetic evolution from a new perspective which could help create prevention and control strategies.

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Isolation and molecular characterization of Orf virus from natural outbreaks in goats of Assam

Cited by 15 publications

References 15 publications

Isolation and phylogenetic analysis of caprine Orf virus in Malaysia

Isolation and phylogenetic analysis of caprine Orf virus in Malaysia

First report of contagious ecthyma (orf) outbreak in goats of Andaman and Nicobar Islands

Genomic features and evolution of the Parapoxvirus during the past two decades

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