Isolation and molecular detection of Avipox virus from field outbreaks in Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Abstract

Objective: The present study was performed for isolation, identification, and molecular detection of Avipoxvirus [ Turkeypox virus (TPV), Fowlpox virus (FPV), and Pigeonpox virus (PPV)] from field outbreaks in some selected areas of Mymensingh division, Bangladesh. Materials and Methods: A total of 60 suspected cutaneous nodular samples (10 TPV, 20 PPV, and 30 FPV) were collected. The samples were then subjected to isolation and identification by chicken embryo propagation followed by confirmation using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results: The TPV, FPV, and PPV were successfully isolated and identified from the nodular samples using embryo propagation and PCR technique targeting pox virus p4b gene. Out of 10 Turkeypox suspected field samples, five (50%) were positive for TPV. Similarly, among 30 Fowl pox suspected field samples, 12 (40%), and out of 20 Pigeonpox suspected field samples, eight (40%) were found to be positive for FPV and PPV, respectively. The overall prevalence of avipox (TPV, FPV, and PPV) virus infections in Mymensingh division was 41.67% ( n = 25/60). Conclusion: This study has shown that TPV, FPV, and PPV are circulating in Mymensingh division. The isolated TPV, FPV, and PPV field isolates can be used as vaccine candidates to develop an effective vaccine for effective controlling of the avipox in Mymensingh division and surrounding areas.

Fatal avian pox in a backyard flock of domestic ducks in Bangladesh

“…29 The pathology of pox infection in birds remains similar regardless of the strain of poxvirus both in the case of cutaneous and diphtheritic forms. 15,21 This infection is distinguished by the presence of nodular hyperplasia lesions in featherless areas of the skin. These findings provide a scientific foundation for the identification of the duck pox virus.…”

“…However, gross and microscopic lesions, serology molecular techniques and electron microscopy can also be used to confirm the disease 29 . The pathology of pox infection in birds remains similar regardless of the strain of poxvirus both in the case of cutaneous and diphtheritic forms 15,21 . This infection is distinguished by the presence of nodular hyperplasia lesions in featherless areas of the skin.…”

“…Among poultry, higher mortality rates are seen in chickens and turkeys 14 . In Bangladesh, Avipoxvirus infections have been reported in chickens, pigeons and turkeys 15–17 . However, to the best of our knowledge, spontaneous Avipoxvirus infection in domestic ducks has not been reported in Bangladesh so far.…”

“…14 In Bangladesh, Avipoxvirus infections have been reported in chickens, pigeons and turkeys. [15][16][17] However, to the best of our knowledge, spontaneous Avipoxvirus infection in domestic ducks has not been reported in Bangladesh so far. This case report aims to describe the macroscopic, histopatholog-ical and ultramicroscopic features of a fatal cutaneous avian pox outbreak in domestic ducks in Bangladesh.…”

Isolation and molecular detection of Fowl pox and Pigeon pox viruses for the development of live attenuated vaccine seeds from the local isolates

“…Few research work has been carried out for isolation, molecular detection and vaccine development of FPV and PPV in Bangladesh (Islam et al, 2008;Siddique et al, 2011;Kabir et al, 2015;Rahman et al, 2019). But these studies did not focused on developing live attenuated FPV and PPV vaccine in embryonated egg and fibroblast cell culture.…”