Isolation and Screening of Lipolytic Fungi From Coastal Waters of the Southern Caspian Sea (North of Iran)

Abstract

Background:Lipases (acylglycerol acylhydrolase, E. C. 3. 1. 1. 3) are widely distributed among microorganisms, animals and plants, catalyzing the hydrolysis of triglycerides to free fatty acids and glycerol. Their commercial application includes pharmaceutical, chemical, and paper industries.Objectives:This study aimed to isolate and screen lipolytic fungi from coastal waters of the southern Caspian Sea by Internal Transcribed Spacer-Polymerase Chain Reaction (ITS-PCR), and to optimize their lipolytic activity, pH and temperature. The ITS regions possess a high variation among taxonomically distinct fungal species and even within species.Materials and Methods:All fungal were tested to determine their lipolytic activity by the Tributyrin agar plate assay. After DNA extraction, lipase-producing fungi were identified via ITS-PCR of rDNA region with ITS1 and ITS4 primers.Results:Four fungal species were isolated from water samples of the Caspian Sea (north of Iran) between February and June 2011. The nucleotide sequences reported for three of these isolates have been assigned accession numbers from NCBI Gene Bank database. Among these species, Cladosporium langeronii showed maximum lipolytic activity (34 U/mL) and maximum clear zone formation (6 mm) on the Tributyrin agar plates. The optimum pH and temperature for activity were 8.0 and 35°C, respectively.Conclusions:The findings of this study indicated that these isolates were plant pathogenic fungi, which entered seawater from the environment, and were likely to have a suitable lipase activity on plant oils.

Lipolytic Enzymes with Hydrolytic and Esterification Activities Produced by Filamentous Fungi Isolated from Decomposition Leaves in an Aquatic Environment

“…The sensitivity of the agar plate method to identify active and true lipase is dependent on several factors, e.g., the microorganism's growth, production and diffusion of the enzymes, activity and specificity of the enzyme to substrate, and enzyme concentration. Other factors can also influence halo formation, such as medium composition, growth temperature, and chemical and biological environment [35–37]. On the other hand, the halo formation does not represent the volumetric enzyme production, and the additional experiment, such as submerged cultivation, is needed to identify the promising microorganisms for bioprocess steps (Colen, 2006).…”

Lasiodiplodia theobromae as a Producer of Biotechnologically Relevant Enzymes

“…Lipases catalyze the hydrolysis of triacylglycerols with long fatty acid chains in free fatty acids and glycerol, which makes these enzymes essential to several biotechnology industries, such as the pharmaceutical industry, detergent and soap industries and cosmetics industry, among others [ 37 , 38 ]. These enzymes are considered as one of the leader biocatalysts, contributing to a capital underexploited of bioindustry [ 37 ].…”

Actividad lipolítica de hongos aislados del aceite de cocinar usado y de suelos de talleres mecánicos

“…Previo a la lectura de las muestras se les agregó 25 ml de agua destilada y se filtraron, a cada tubo de polipropileno se le agregó 4 ml de buffer y 800 µl de muestra y se incubó a 40 ○ C durante 10 minutos, luego se le agregó 200 µl de sustrato (pNPP) y se incubaron nuevamente durante 10 minutos a 40 ○ C, la reacción se detuvo con hielo durante 10 minutos, se centrifugó durante tres minutos a 3000 rpm y se leyó a 410 nm al igual que la curva de calibración. (Sadati, Barghi, & Larki, 2015).…”