Isolation, Antimicrobial Activity, and Metabolites of Fungus Cladosporium sp. Associated with Red Alga Porphyra yezoensis

Abstract

Cladosporium sp. isolate N5 was isolated as a dominant fungus from the healthy conchocelis of Porphyra yezoensis. In the re-infection test, it did not cause any pathogenic symptoms in the alga. Twenty-one cultural conditions were chosen to test its antimicrobial activity in order to obtain the best condition for large-scale fermentation. Phenylacetic acid, p-hydroxyphenylethyl alcohol, and L-beta-phenyllactic acid were isolated from the crude extract as strong antimicrobial compounds and they are the first reported secondary metabolites for the genus Cladosporium. In addition, the Cladosporium sp. produced the reported Porphyra yezoensis growth regulators phenylacetic acid and p-hydroxyphenylacetic acid. No cytotoxicity was found in the brine shrimp lethality test, which indicated that the environmental-friendly Cladosporium sp. could be used as a potential biocontrol agent to protect the alga from pathogens.

Biodegradation of Chlorpyrifos and Its Hydrolysis Product 3,5,6-Trichloro-2-Pyridinol by a New Fungal Strain Cladosporium cladosporioides Hu-01

“…To the best of our knowledge, there is no information regarding the ability to metabolize organophosphorous pesticides by fungal strain belonging to the genus Cladosporium . Nevertheless, several studies have suggested that Cladosporium species have some potential bioactivity, such as antimicrobial activity and the ability to degrade aromatic compounds [47], [58], [59].…”

Chemical constituents of Drypetes gossweileri and their enzyme inhibitory and anti-fungal activities

“…Analytical TLC of purified glucose displayed the same R f value as that of glucose purchased from the Sigma-Aldrich. Additionally these studies afforded six known natural products, p-hydroxyphenylacetic acid (2) (Ding et al, 2008), p-hydroxyphenylacetonitrile (3) (Nagatsu et al, 2004), p-hydroxyacetophenone (4) (Dhami and Stothers, 1965), 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenol (5) (Xu et al, 2008), dolichandroside A (6) (Aparna et al, 2009) and bamyrone (7) (Ramadan et al, 2009). Compounds 2-7 were isolated for the first time from genus Drypetes.…”

Mycobiota associated with the rhodophyte alien species Asparagopsis taxiformis (Delile) Trevisan de Saint‐Léon in the Mediterranean Sea

“…Isolates from the Cladosporium genus were expected as this is one of the most frequently isolated taxa in marine environments (Jones et al 2009;Panno et al 2013). Marine Cladosporium strains seem to be interesting producers of secondary metabolites in association with red algae, as in the case of Porphyra yezoensis (Ding et al 2008). Two species, Cladosporium cladosporioides and C. pseudocladosporioides, were found in different sampling sites: C. cladosporioides seems to characterize thalli from zone C, while C. pseudocladosporioides seems to characterize thalli from zone B.…”