Isolation, characterization and molecular cloning of a lipolytic enzyme secreted from<i>Malassezia pachydermatis</i>

Shibata, Nobuyuki; Okanuma, Noriko; Hirai, Kanako; Arikawa, K; Kimura, Mayumi; Okawa, Yoshio

doi:10.1111/j.1574-6968.2006.00106.x

Cited by 24 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Oleic acid in the scalp is produced from the hydrolysis of triglycerides by Malassezia lipases (74). A variety of lipases has been shown to be encoded by M. furfur (35), M. pachydermatis (285), and M. globosa (76). The expression of M. globosa lipases on the scalp of humans has been shown (76), increasing the significance of this observation and supporting a link between clinical observations (75) and experimental data (35,76,285).…”

Section: Seborrheic Dermatitismentioning

confidence: 72%

The Malassezia Genus in Skin and Systemic Diseases

et al. 2012

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SUMMARY In the last 15 years, the genus Malassezia has been a topic of intense basic research on taxonomy, physiology, biochemistry, ecology, immunology, and metabolomics. Currently, the genus encompasses 14 species. The 1996 revision of the genus resulted in seven accepted taxa: M. furfur , M. pachydermatis , M. sympodialis , M. globosa , M. obtusa , M. restricta , and M. slooffiae. In the last decade, seven new taxa isolated from healthy and lesional human and animal skin have been accepted: M. dermatis , M. japonica , M. yamatoensis , M. nana , M. caprae , M. equina , and M. cuniculi. However, forthcoming multidisciplinary research is expected to show the etiopathological relationships between these new species and skin diseases. Hitherto, basic and clinical research has established etiological links between Malassezia yeasts, pityriasis versicolor, and sepsis of neonates and immunocompromised individuals. Their role in aggravating seborrheic dermatitis, dandruff, folliculitis, and onychomycosis, though often supported by histopathological evidence and favorable antifungal therapeutic outcomes, remains under investigation. A close association between skin and Malassezia IgE binding allergens in atopic eczema has been shown, while laboratory data support a role in psoriasis exacerbations. Finally, metabolomic research resulted in the proposal of a hypothesis on the contribution of Malassezia -synthesized aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) ligands to basal cell carcinoma through UV radiation-induced carcinogenesis.

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Section: Seborrheic Dermatitismentioning

confidence: 72%

The Malassezia Genus in Skin and Systemic Diseases

et al. 2012

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“…Some authors attribute this characteristic to lipase activity and propose that it is related to the adaptation of Malassezia spp. to host body regions rich in fatty acids under given conditions (3,12,37,47). Brunke et al described the lipophilic activity of MfLip in M. furfur; this extracellular lipase apparently is involved in cellular growth processes and related to pathogenicity mechanisms (3).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological and Molecular Characterization of Atypical Isolates of Malassezia furfur

et al. 2009

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The species constituting the genus Malassezia are considered to be emergent opportunistic yeasts of great importance. Characterized as lipophilic yeasts, they are found in normal human skin flora and sometimes are associated with different dermatological pathologies. We have isolated seven Malassezia species strains that have a different Tween assimilation pattern from the one typically used to differentiate M. furfur, M. sympodialis, and M. slooffiae from other Malassezia species. In order to characterize these isolates of Malassezia spp., we studied their physiological features and conducted morphological and molecular characterization by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism and sequencing of the 26S and 5.8S ribosomal DNA-internal transcribed spacer 2 regions in three strains from healthy individuals, four clinical strains, and eight reference strains. The sequence analysis of the ribosomal region was based on the Blastn algorithm and revealed that the sequences of our isolates were homologous to M. furfur sequences. To support these findings, we carried out phylogenetic analyses to establish the relationship of the isolates to M. furfur and other reported species. All of our results confirm that all seven strains are M. furfur; the atypical assimilation of Tween 80 was found to be a new physiological pattern characteristic of some strains isolated in Colombia.The genus Malassezia comprises lipophilic yeasts found in the normal flora of human skin and other mammals. These yeasts were described by Eichstedt in 1848 as being associated with pityriasis versicolor (PV) lesions (13). The taxonomy and nomenclature of the genus Malassezia was controversial for many decades. Indeed, until 1990 only three species were recognized: M. furfur, M. sympodialis, and M. pachydermatis, a non-lipid-dependent species (17,21,38 (4,6,11,17,18,20,21,26,34,38,(40)(41)(42).Malassezia species have been associated with diverse dermatological pathologies, including PV, seborrheic dermatitis dandruff, atopic dermatitis, folliculitis, psoriasis, onicomycosis, and blepharitis. M. furfur and M. pachydermatis have been associated with systemic infections in patients with underlying diseases and those receiving intravenous lipid emulsions (6, 7, 9-11, 16, 29, 33, 34).Although the role of Malassezia species in the development of these diseases is not clear, some authors suggest that M. globosa is the causal agent of PV, while others have found a greater percentage of isolates of M. sympodialis associated with the disease. Differences in diagnosis might be due to sampling methods and differences between the culture media used, leading to controversies in clinical studies of these dermatological pathologies (1, 7, 9, 10). New physiological patterns for identification have been described, and recently the availability of molecular biology and sequencing techniques has allowed the species to be distinguished more clearly (17-21). Despite the difficulty in isolating, maintaining, and identifying these yeasts, different characteristics of ...

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“…The gene encoding for the extracellular lipase in M. pachydermatis has been cloned and characterized [57]. M. globosa , one of the most frequently isolated Malassezia spp.…”

Section: Lipolytic Enzymes Of Malassezia Sppmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipolytic Enzymes Involved in the Virulence of Human Pathogenic Fungi

Park

Jung

2013

Mycobiology

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Pathogenic microbes secrete various enzymes with lipolytic activities to facilitate their survival within the host. Lipolytic enzymes include extracellular lipases and phospholipases, and several lines of evidence have suggested that these enzymes contribute to the virulence of pathogenic fungi. Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans are the most commonly isolated human fungal pathogens, and several biochemical and molecular approaches have identified their extracellular lipolytic enzymes. The role of lipases and phospholipases in the virulence of C. albicans has been extensively studied, and these enzymes have been shown to contribute to C. albicans morphological transition, colonization, cytotoxicity, and penetration to the host. While not much is known about the lipases in C. neoformans, the roles of phospholipases in the dissemination of fungal cells in the host and in signaling pathways have been described. Lipolytic enzymes may also influence the survival of the lipophilic cutaneous pathogenic yeast Malassezia species within the host, and an unusually high number of lipase-coding genes may complement the lipid dependency of this fungus. This review briefly describes the current understanding of the lipolytic enzymes in major human fungal pathogens, namely C. albicans, C. neoformans, and Malassezia spp.

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Isolation, characterization and molecular cloning of a lipolytic enzyme secreted fromMalassezia pachydermatis

Cited by 24 publications

References 37 publications

The Malassezia Genus in Skin and Systemic Diseases

The Malassezia Genus in Skin and Systemic Diseases

Physiological and Molecular Characterization of Atypical Isolates of Malassezia furfur

Lipolytic Enzymes Involved in the Virulence of Human Pathogenic Fungi

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