Isolation, identification and antibiotic resistance profile of thermophilic Campylobacter species from Bovine, Knives and personnel at Jimma Town Abattoir, Ethiopia
Abstract:Thermophilic Campylobacter species are common cause of animal and human bacterial diseases with growing resistance to antimicrobials. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Campylobacter species from bovine, knives and personnel in Jimma Town, Ethiopia. Faecal samples and carcasses swabs were collected from cattle systematically selected from the annual plan of Jimma Municipal Abattoir. Personnel hand and knife swabs were collected after slaughtering e… Show more
“…A convenient sampling technique was employed for the patient that fulfilled the inclusion criteria during the study period. Based on a previous prevalence rate of 16.7% from Jimma, Ethiopia, 30 a 95% confidence interval, and a 5% margin of error, the sample size was determined using a single population proportion formula:…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The specimen was transported with Cary Blair transport medium to Mekelle University, Ayder Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Medical Microbiology laboratory in an ice-cold box within 4 h of collection and processed immediately. 30 Figure 1 Schematic illustration of the experimental work flow. …”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Campy-Gen gas generating kit (5% O 2 and 10% CO2) (Oxoid CN0025A) was inserted to maintain the micro-aerophilic condition. The jars were incubated at a temperature of 42°C for 48 h. 30 The presence or absence of bacterial growth on the agar media was observed. Campylobacter species were identified using colony appearance on the culture medium (moist, creamy-grey, and flat-spreading), Gram stain, serological test (dry spot Campylobacter test (OXOID, Basing stoke Hampshire, England), biochemical test (oxidase positive, catalase positive), and growth at 25°C on sheep blood agar.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Campylobacter species sensitive to nalidixic acid but resistant to cephalothin were considered Campylobacter jejuni or Campylobacter coli , while strains that are resistant to both drugs were considered other Campylobacter species). 7 , 30 , 31 …”
Background
Campylobacter
species are the most predominant bacterial agents to cause diarrhea in under-five children. It poses a serious challenge to public health worldwide with ongoing acquisition of resistance to different antimicrobials with multiple patterns. Thus, this study aimed to determine the prevalence, and antimicrobial resistance of
Campylobacter
species, and associated factors among under-five children with diarrhea in selected public health facilities.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted among under-five children with diarrhea using convenient sampling. Health facilities were selected using a simple random sampling method. The stool samples collected from 214 study participants were transported and processed following standard microbiological protocols.
Campylobacter
isolates were identified using Gram staining, biochemical test, serological test, and aerobic growth at 25°C. Antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of isolates were performed using the Kirby–Bauer method. Data were analyzed using SPSS ver. 25.0. Association between variables was assessed using Chi-square test and Logistic regression, with
P ≤
0.05.
Results
The subject's mean age was 31.3 (±3.9) months. Of the 214 samples cultured, 14 (6.5%) of them were positive for
Campylobacter
species with 95% CI (3.3–10.3). Out of the isolated species, 12 (85.7%) were
Campylobacter jejuni
/
Campylobacter coli
and 2 (14.3%) were other
Campylobacter
species. Bottle feeding and history of direct contact to domestic animals were associated with Campylobacter species (AOR=5.13, CI=1.21–21.6, p=0.026 and AOR=4.93, CI=1.33–18.17, P=0.016), respectively.
Campylobacter
isolates were highly resistant to ciprofloxacin 5 (35.7%), and tetracycline 3 (21.4%).
Conclusion
A higher incidence of
Campylobacter
species was obtained in children who were bottle-fed and who had a history of direct contact with domestic animals. The isolates were highly resistant to ciprofloxacin and tetracycline. These findings indicate that special attention is needed for better management of
Campylobacter
drug resistance in under-five children. To enhance and support our current findings, further research using molecular techniques is needed to identify the resistant and virulent genes of the bacterial isolates.
“…A convenient sampling technique was employed for the patient that fulfilled the inclusion criteria during the study period. Based on a previous prevalence rate of 16.7% from Jimma, Ethiopia, 30 a 95% confidence interval, and a 5% margin of error, the sample size was determined using a single population proportion formula:…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The specimen was transported with Cary Blair transport medium to Mekelle University, Ayder Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Medical Microbiology laboratory in an ice-cold box within 4 h of collection and processed immediately. 30 Figure 1 Schematic illustration of the experimental work flow. …”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Campy-Gen gas generating kit (5% O 2 and 10% CO2) (Oxoid CN0025A) was inserted to maintain the micro-aerophilic condition. The jars were incubated at a temperature of 42°C for 48 h. 30 The presence or absence of bacterial growth on the agar media was observed. Campylobacter species were identified using colony appearance on the culture medium (moist, creamy-grey, and flat-spreading), Gram stain, serological test (dry spot Campylobacter test (OXOID, Basing stoke Hampshire, England), biochemical test (oxidase positive, catalase positive), and growth at 25°C on sheep blood agar.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Campylobacter species sensitive to nalidixic acid but resistant to cephalothin were considered Campylobacter jejuni or Campylobacter coli , while strains that are resistant to both drugs were considered other Campylobacter species). 7 , 30 , 31 …”
Background
Campylobacter
species are the most predominant bacterial agents to cause diarrhea in under-five children. It poses a serious challenge to public health worldwide with ongoing acquisition of resistance to different antimicrobials with multiple patterns. Thus, this study aimed to determine the prevalence, and antimicrobial resistance of
Campylobacter
species, and associated factors among under-five children with diarrhea in selected public health facilities.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted among under-five children with diarrhea using convenient sampling. Health facilities were selected using a simple random sampling method. The stool samples collected from 214 study participants were transported and processed following standard microbiological protocols.
Campylobacter
isolates were identified using Gram staining, biochemical test, serological test, and aerobic growth at 25°C. Antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of isolates were performed using the Kirby–Bauer method. Data were analyzed using SPSS ver. 25.0. Association between variables was assessed using Chi-square test and Logistic regression, with
P ≤
0.05.
Results
The subject's mean age was 31.3 (±3.9) months. Of the 214 samples cultured, 14 (6.5%) of them were positive for
Campylobacter
species with 95% CI (3.3–10.3). Out of the isolated species, 12 (85.7%) were
Campylobacter jejuni
/
Campylobacter coli
and 2 (14.3%) were other
Campylobacter
species. Bottle feeding and history of direct contact to domestic animals were associated with Campylobacter species (AOR=5.13, CI=1.21–21.6, p=0.026 and AOR=4.93, CI=1.33–18.17, P=0.016), respectively.
Campylobacter
isolates were highly resistant to ciprofloxacin 5 (35.7%), and tetracycline 3 (21.4%).
Conclusion
A higher incidence of
Campylobacter
species was obtained in children who were bottle-fed and who had a history of direct contact with domestic animals. The isolates were highly resistant to ciprofloxacin and tetracycline. These findings indicate that special attention is needed for better management of
Campylobacter
drug resistance in under-five children. To enhance and support our current findings, further research using molecular techniques is needed to identify the resistant and virulent genes of the bacterial isolates.
“…Te well-being notion totally fts in the quality of life (QoL) broad-ranging concept, whose key objective in older population is to permit an active and healthy ageing, to maintain autonomy and independence, promoting physical and mental health, social inclusion, in need-of-care people, too. For these reasons, the main objective of caring for older people should be proposing comprehensive care, considering the environment in which older people fnd themselves, allowing a meaningful life in the period of older ages [6]. Previous works have demonstrated that for institutionalized individuals, maintaining autonomy and a good physical, mental, and social health is crucial and that this goal can be achieved through a multidisciplinary approach, which includes multicomponent physical activity (PA) programs, too [7].…”
Epidemiological data show that people are living longer. This change carries opportunities for people but also the increased need of residential care facilities (RCFs) for older adults who require care that cannot be taken at home. The entry in RCFs is a delicate moment, in which maintaining autonomy is essential, along with promoting physical and mental health. The aim of this work was to evaluate the perceived quality of life (QoL)-related variables in RCFs residents at the baseline and after a 6-week physical activity (PA) intervention, to explore its possible role in improving the older adults’ perceived QoL. Overall, 108 residents belonging to seven Italian RCFs were enrolled. The Short-Form 12 (SF-12) questionnaire was used to assess the Physical Component Score (PCS) and Mental Component Score (MCS). To evaluate the residents’ attendance at PA, questions about weekly frequency of PA performed were included, analyzing data also considering the presence of a kinesiologist as a member of the RCF team. After baseline assessments, a 6-week PA intervention conducted by a kinesiologist was implemented in 2 RCFs and then the same variables considered at the baseline were reevaluated. As expected, the residents’ PCS resulted inversely related to their age. The individual PA attendance and the MCS were greater in older adults living in RCFs where a kinesiologist was present. Moreover, the higher adherence at individual and group PA was related to higher MCS only. After the 6-week PA intervention, a greater RCFs residents’ attendance at individual PA and a high frequency in group activities were shown. Furthermore, the program improved both MCS and PCS of the participants. Data suggest the strong impact of PA, structured by an expert, in increasing the health-related variables in RCFs’ older residents, especially the mental sphere of the perceived QoL. These beneficial effects were shown particularly with the twice-a-week program.
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